The size matters in cosmological models.

“Two images from the Quijote simulations used in this study. The panels show the same region of the Universe, but in different cosmological models. The top image corresponds. To the standard ΛCDM, adiabatic cold dark matter model, while the bottom image shows a universe with massive neutrinos and modified gravity. “(ScitechDaily, AI Learned the Rules of the Universe and That Became a Problem)

The differences are subtle, but they reveal how changes in the underlying physics can affect the formation and distribution of cosmic structures. Credit: Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro (ScitechDaily, AI Learned the Rules of the Universe and That Became a Problem)

The term ACDM can also mean : the associated critical data model. That is the critical tool, when the sensor. It transmits information to the AI. 

AI can help cosmologists, but it can also become a problem. 

The method researchers call transferable learning can help them develop new models in cosmology and many other things. The term transferable learning. Means when the system learns something. It can apply. That learned thing. To other similar cases. So, when AI sees similar curves in some other cases. It can use things that it has already learned. To that other problem. This means that. The researchers must not always. Begin the training process. From the beginning. 

The AI can search for similarities for the new thing in its memory. And if there is a match. That thing means that the AI. It can use that model for reaction. This should make AI more effective. The problem is this. The AI selects its sources using statistics. And that can make it hard to bring new data for the AI. Old research. They are very often-used sources. If somewhere is the new data. Before, nobody used the new data as a source. Old data dominates search engines. The AI is an excellent tool. When it must collect and analyse data from the galaxy movements. 

But in cases like supermassive neutrons, the AI is in trouble. The AI is the best in business. When it must analyze precise information. Things like galaxy clusters and their movements are precise information. But in cases like supermassive neutrinos. The AI is not very good. At things where it must create models for new physics. When AI must observe phenomena. It can interpret them as the same. Even if they are different. Or in the cases. 

There are some observations. Objects’ temperatures change. The AI might not know that the object’s temperature can change virtually. Because if something travels between the telescope and the object. That means. that the brightness or temperature. That reaches the observer changes. The AI might not notice things like clouds. In the Earth's atmosphere. Or other surprises when it observes some targets like Cepheid variables. If the system doesn’t know about that thing. It can recognize the Cepheid variable as a new star. If it doesn’t know that the star is a Cepheid. 

When AI tries to analyze a certain point. That thing is very hard to do. But when AI must analyze. A very large entirety. The AI becomes more effective. The AI sees things. Like movements of galaxy clusters. And it can make. An analysis of the changes in those movements. We can use fuzzy logic to analyze how the star clusters move in the galaxy. But then we face a problem. If we try to predict. The movement of the galaxy. In its supercluster. That is hard. 

We must know the entire system to make. A complete analysis with high precision. 

The problem is in perspective. The thing that seems large on Earth. Seems very small in the scale of the Sun. And the sun seems very small in the scale of the galaxy. When the scale of the system turns bigger. The forces in the system are also stronger. In big systems. The phenomenon scale is larger. But they affect more slowly. From our perspective. The forces that travel between galaxies take millions of years to reach other galaxies. The distance between the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way. It is 2.6 million ly. So light travels 2,6 million years from that galaxy to the Milky Way. And that means that any force traveling between those galaxies needs 2,6 million years for that trip. 

When we try to create a model. Of how one small sand bite behaves in a river. We must know many things. Like changes in the forces that affect the sand bite. But if we want to predict how the sand bottom behaves in the river. We can make that calculation very easily. When we think about galaxies. Stars are like sand bites on the bottom. 

One star’s behavior is hard to predict. But the entirety is quite easy to  calculate. And then we can go to bigger systems. In galactic superclusters, the galaxy is like sandbite on the bottom of the river. The force that affects the entire galaxy. Must be much harder than the force that affects sandbite. But millions of galaxies. They send. A very much. Energy. Many sudden things can happen in the galactic superclusters. Those events might not. Seem.

Like a very sudden thing. But an eruption in the core of the galaxy can start in milliseconds. Shockwave travels across the galaxy at the speed of light. So, if the star is at a distance. Of two light-years from the eruption source. The shockwave of radiation. It travels to that star. So, if Sagittarius A erupts violently in the core of our galaxy, the Milky Way. The radiation travels to Earth 26.000 years. The distance between Earth and that supermassive black hole. It’s 26.000 ly. The material, or plasma shockwaves, travel far behind that radiation shockwave. And the distance between plasma and wave movement increases all the time. 

 But. If things like supermassive black holes are in the trajectory. That makes them collide. That thing is very hard to change. When we face things like galactic superclusters. Things that happen on that scale seem very slow. But forces that put galaxies. To turn their trajectories into travel. At the speed of light. The force. That affects things. Like, turn their trajectories. Must affect a certain time with a certain force. 

If we want to create an AI that analyzes galactic clusters star by star. We cannot make that thing. In the galactic scale, it suddenly happens. Violent eruptions. Those eruptions can break the entire model. In the scale of superclusters, events like supernovas don’t have enough force to affect the macrosystem. But a supernova could destroy things like dwarf galaxies. But if the supernova explosion happens in dense star clusters. That shockwave. Can. Launch other supernova explosions. 

https://scitechdaily.com/ai-learned-the-rules-of-the-universe-and-that-became-a-problem/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda-CDM_model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius_A*

Quantum entanglement.

"Quantum teleportation is a method for transferring the quantum state of a particle or field from one location to another without physically moving the particle itself. It relies on a phenomenon known as quantum entanglement, in which two systems share strong correlations that cannot be explained by classical physics. Credit: Shutterstock." (ScitechDaily, Quantum Teleportation Breakthrough Sends 5 States at Once)

If we were to see quantum entanglement. Or, information is transmitted between two superpositioned and entangled particles. We would see two balls, and the thin yarn would connect those particles. When information travels between those particles. This event looks like a situation. Where the other yarn ball pulls a yarn string from another yarn ball. 

Einstein’s spooky action at a distance, called quantum entanglement. It is one of the most interesting phenomena in the world. The information travels between two particles in the string. And that makes it possible. That. Quantum entanglement can transmit information faster than the speed of light. That would be possible. If there is a possibility of removing entropy from around that string. This means that there should be something that removes the field from around the string that transmits information. The quantum entanglement creates. The quantum shadow, or hole in the field. And in that hole would be no scattering effect. 

Above: The wormhole, or at least an electromagnetic wormhole, might look like this. The energy string in the middle of it pushes the channel through the quantum field. The entropy in the wormhole. It will deny information. From staying in its form. The structure that transmits information in quantum entanglement. It might also look like this. 

This allows information travel faster than it does outside that tunnel. So a photon travels faster. In the quantum shadow between those particles. The speed of a photon is not unlimited. But. It's faster than outside that quantum tunnel. There is a possibility. To transmit information in the string or use the string. Quantum entanglement is used. To push the tunnel through the field. The electromagnetic wormhole will allow photons to travel faster than they travel outside that tunnel. So, the system can send photons through that tunnel. 

There is a possibility. That's the black hole. It is a group of qubits. This raises a question. About the problem. What if reseachers someday form the superposition and quantum entanglement that travels through the black hole? Could that thing be possible? Could quantum entanglement stand in the black hole?  The model of the qubits on the black hole’s shell is formed by the idea that the black hole’s event horizons are full of potholes and hilltops. Those things can be the zeros and ones in the qubit. 

"Encoded on the surface of the black hole can be bits (or quantum bits, i.e., qubits) of information, proportional to the event horizon’s surface area. When the black hole decays, it decays to a state of thermal radiation. As matter and radiation fall into the black hole, the surface area grows, enabling that information to be successfully encoded. When the black hole decays, entropy will not decrease, but rather will remain constant, as Hawking radiation is an entropy-conserving (adiabatic) process. How or if that information is encoded into the outgoing radiation is not yet determined.Credit: T.B. Bakker/Dr. J.P. van der Schaar, Universiteit van Amsterdam. "(BigThink, Ask Ethan: Can quantum entanglement survive a black hole)?

There is a possibility. That's the black hole. It is a group of qubits. This raises a question. About the problem. What if reseachers someday form the superposition and quantum entanglement that travels through the black hole? Could that thing be possible? Could quantum entanglement stand in the black hole? 

And can a particle stand the energy of a black hole? This depends on the side on which the particle spins. If the particle spins in the same direction as the black hole, it could survive. If the particle spins in the opposite direction, the black hole erases it. The thing that erases the particle is simple. When a particle suddenly switches its spin direction, it must stop for a while. At that point, the particle releases all its energy. If the particle spin is in the same direction as the black hole, the black hole just increases its spin speed. The thing that erases the particle is the change in the direction of the spin. 

The big question is: Can quantum entanglement bring information from the black hole? The black hole pulls all the information into it. There is a possibility that the superstrings. In the spinning black hole. They can turn. The energy flows opposite. But. Another way. It is to create a superpositioned particle pair. When the energy, or information, starts to flow into a black hole. The system can observe the particle that transmits information. The system must know how the information should travel between those particles. So, the system observes how transmitting particles offer information. And then it compares that thing with the real event. The event looks like a situation. There gravity rolls the yarn ball open. 

Can this thing work? Nobody knows. The quantum entanglement should pass. The black hole photonic and plasma halo. To reach the event horizon. When we think about black holes and wormholes. The wormhole can form between two superpositioned black holes. Or the black hole halos can form an electromagnetic wormhole if they turn into a superposition. This means that. Some kind of tunnel. Between two points is possible. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/quantum-entanglement-black-hole/

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-teleportation-breakthrough-sends-5-states-at-once/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-truth-about-wormholes-einsteins-bridge-may-rewrite-time-itself/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

None of the black holes interacts alone.

“At the center of the Milky Way, something immense and invisible exerts a powerful gravitational grip. For decades, astronomers have assumed it was a supermassive black hole. But new research suggests a more unconventional possibility: a dense concentration of exotic dark matter that could unify the galaxy’s inner chaos and outer calm under a single framework. Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, The Center of Our Galaxy May Not Be a Black Hole)

None of the black holes interacts alone. This means that black holes are also part of their environment. And gravitation is not the only interaction with a black hole. 

Supermassive black hole in the center of our galaxy might not be a black hole. Or, otherwise, the supermassive black hole interaction with its environment is more complicated than anybody expected. The new study suggests that the main part of the supermassive object in the center of the Milky Way is composed of dark matter particles that are similar to fermions. Or maybe fermions like electrons are things that form the dark structure in the center of the Milky Way. 

Or, otherwise, we must realize that there is a black hole with dark matter particles orbiting. This means there is a black hole in the middle of the fast-orbiting electron or quark cloud. The spin of those particles would be awesome. So those particles would be more massive than particles outside that structure. And in that case reseachers must calculate what part of the gravitation formed the black hole, and what part of the gravitational effect is formed of those fermions or other dark matter particles. So, the center of the Milky Way is the combination of a black hole and particles that orbit this object. 

Another thing is that. Every other black hole has a dark matter halo. And a visible matter halo. In the case of a black hole, the key question is always this: which has the dominating effect: does the dominating effect come from the black hole or its halo? The only known fact is that none of the black holes interacts alone.  There is also a model of the center of the Milky Way. Involves structure. There is a group of black holes orbiting the supermassive gravity center. In some model. The massive pressure near the center of the Milky Way presses matter into a black hole, just before it falls into the middle of the Milky Way. 

The only thing that is sure. Is that. Dark matter and visible matter. Both can form a black hole.  If a black hole forms. In the dark matter bubble, or denser point of dark matter. That can cause a situation where the black hole turns more massive than it should. Gravitation is the only known interaction between dark and visible matter. 

“Some astronomers think the Milky Way’s center could be hiding something stranger than a supermassive black hole. In a new study, researchers argue that the object shaping the orbits of nearby stars might instead be an ultra-dense concentration of dark matter that creates nearly the same gravitational footprint as a black hole.” (ScitechDaily, The Center of Our Galaxy May Not Be a Black Hole)

“Their results, published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS), challenge the standard picture in which Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is a supermassive black hole that dominates the region’s gravity. The best-known evidence for that black hole interpretation comes from the S-stars, a group of stars that loop around the center at velocities reaching several thousand kilometers per second.” (ScitechDaily, The Center of Our Galaxy May Not Be a Black Hole)

"Instead of relying on a black hole, the international research team proposes a different explanation. They argue that a particular variety of dark matter composed of fermions, which are light subatomic particles, could organize itself into a distinctive structure consistent with observations of the Milky Way’s core.” (ScitechDaily, The Center of Our Galaxy May Not Be a Black Hole)

The energy level of those particles is very high. So those particles are more massive than particles outside the halo. And that means that. The black hole and its halo. Are both. Interact with their environment. So in larger-scale structures, the Milky Way. Just like other galaxies interact as an entirety. There are all stars, back holes, dust, and other things. Forming the massive gravitational entirety. The black hole interaction. It is much more complicated than just gravity that pulls objects inside it. 

The black hole halo. And its relativistic jet transports energy. Also in the opposite direction. We see that energy. As gamma- and x-rays. When a black hole sends energy to the galaxy’s outer halo. That energy puts a halo to shine. There is also the impact of radiation and particles that surround the galaxy. This impact point is similar to the heliopause. There are particles from the sun. That impacts the particle flows from other stars. Similar standing wave surrounds. galaxies, and when a relativistic jet impacts that structure, this structure sends energy into the center of that bubble or halo. This energy. It has a role in energy. 

And matter flows in the galaxy. That energy reflection pushes particles and other objects back to the galaxy’s center. And this is one of the reasons why there is a glowing bubble in the center of the galaxy. Mainly, that glow forms when the relativistic jet travels through that point. But in the same way. Energy that reflects from the galactic halo. Has a role in that thing. 

https://scitechdaily.com/the-center-of-our-galaxy-may-not-be-a-black-hole/

How to simulate the entire universe using a laptop?

“A new tool, Effort.jl, is revolutionizing cosmology by letting scientists analyze enormous datasets quickly and accurately on a simple laptop. (Artist’s concept). Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Researchers Have Discovered a Way To Simulate the Universe – on a Laptop)

How to simulate the entire universe using a laptop? The answer lies in the accuracy the system employs. When we want to conduct. In a comprehensive analysis or simulation of the entire system, we must first select the scale at which we want to simulate it. If we want to make a simulation of the entire universe, we must begin with its smallest parts. In this case, we must only remember that the system's entirety is the sum of multiple subsystems. An atom, as an example, is the sum of electron shells and the nucleus. 

The nucleus of an atom is the sum of the protons and neutrons. And protons and neutrons are sums of quarks and gluons. We can make the simulation step by step. First, we can make a simulation of interactions. Between quarks and gluons. Then we can connect these simulations. Together with the proton and neutron interaction. 

And then we can make simulations. Of how electrons behave with each other and then how electron orbits interact with the atomic core. In this case, the system handles the entirety as modules. Each module handles each participant. The proton module involves the up and down quarks. Interaction with each other. This means that the system creates a mosaic where each participant of the structure is handled. Like an element. The system forms a bigger structure by connecting the smaller mosaic plates. The system makes a puzzle. Where each piece is a smaller-sized system. And together. Those smaller systems form a bigger entirety. 

If we want to calculate chemistry calculations. And to make simulations. Between molecules, we must not know quark interactions. We can choose the scale as atoms or atomic groups. To make simulations of their behaviors. In molecular-scale interactions. Those interactions happen in the farthest electron orbital. So we must not care. About the internal interactions of atoms. Removing. Unnecessary parts from the simulations. We can remove too high accuracy. 

That means we remove unnecessary parts of the system. If we want to drive from point A to point B. We want to know what route we choose. We don’t want to know what kind of houses or what kind of trees. Are in certain areas. We don’t need to know when every single person comes home. We must not know there is a free parking lot if we are on a transit journey. We need to know only which streets we select. This means the system must remove unnecessary information to make our work easier. So, the system gives only information. That we need. 

When we talk about accuracy. We can think that the system must control small points in the simulations. If we want to make a complete simulation of the universe and start from the quark-gluon levels, there are too many points that the system must handle.  We should begin those simulations from a much higher level. Like in the level of local galactic clusters. That means . We must make a model. Where the details in the entirety are lost. That allows us to handle things like galaxies as one point or entirety. 

If we want to simulate the interactions between galaxies. We must realize that there are billions of galaxies in the universe. That makes this type of simulation hard to make. There are billions of stars in each galaxy. And all giant spiral galaxies are following large groups of star clusters and dwarf galaxies. 

But it's possible to handle those systems as a whole. In that model. The system makes ball-shaped structures. There, it removes details. So the galaxies are like balls that interact with each other. But then there are still too many objects. That means we can make another crop. We can select certain galaxies whose interactions we can analyze. If we want to make a simulation. 

To determine how the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way will collide, we must calculate the route that those galaxies follow. There, we need to see the effect. The Magellanic Clouds affect that route. Calculating that three-body problem is possible, if we do not follow the highest accuracy. There is a possibility that Andromeda travels past the Milky Way. And then those galaxies start to orbit each other. Closing together. Then in the last stage, the supermassive black holes collide in the middle of the new galaxy. 

But if we want to make universe-scale simulations. We must use a different scale of accuracy. We must not calculate all electrons and each electron's trajectories. If we want to calculate things like how stars or interstellar nebulae behave. We must change the scale of accuracy. To make a large-scale simulation. We must understand that we can cut off atomic-scale objects. If we simulate large entireties. 

In universe-scale simulations, it's important. To determine the thing. What we want to simulate. If we want to simulate interactions between two galactic superclusters, we must not calculate the interactions of each single galaxy. We can think. That those galaxies and even local clusters are the entirety at the level of cosmic superclusters. We can think that. The superclusters are like balls. The giant entities where the local clusters form the mass centers. Or we can simply think. That they are like giant balls. That makes the simulation of the galactic superclusters' interactions easy. 

https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-have-discovered-a-way-to-simulate-the-universe-on-a-laptop/

New materials require new tools.

  New materials require new tools. 

"MIT physicists propose a “neutrino laser,” a quantum-driven burst of neutrinos that could revolutionize communication and medical technology. Credit: Jose-Luis Olivares, MIT; Adapted by SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, MIT Physicists Propose First-Ever “Neutrino Laser”)

New X-ray systems make it possible for researchers to observe. How electrons change their trajectories when they send photons. When molecules form, those systems can observe how atoms flip their electrons. Those systems really see atoms. They see when the atomic nucleus will turn around. In the atom. And the highly accurate photon beams can control those processes. The ability to see how chemical bonds form, and where electrons really are. Makes it possible to create new materials. 

The highly accurate systems can manipulate single electrons around atoms. And that makes it possible to create things like atom-sized quantum computers. These kinds of systems. Those connected with algorithms and quantum computers make it possible to create new types of small robots. Those robots are smaller than a cell, but high-power quantum computer technology gives them abilities. That can beat large-sized systems. 

The problem with the X-ray impulses is that they can destroy entire molecules. The accuracy of this ksystem, which breaks the entire protein molecule, is incredible. In medical use, that system can break down tumors and blood clots. The problem is how to aim those X-ray impulses at the desired point. The single X-ray radiation burst can terminate complex molecules. This can also make it possible to create systems that break unwanted molecules. Like carbon chains, fullerene, and graphene. Those things are harmful in nature. The system can stress those carbon atoms and make standing waves between atoms. And that can destroy carbon bonds. 

"Direct hit. A soft x-ray (white) hits a holmium atom (green). A photo-electron zooms off the holmium atom, which releases energy (purple) that jumps to the 80-carbon fullerene cage surrounding the holmium. The cage then also loses an electron. Credit: Razib Obaid/University of Connecticut" (ScitechDaily, A Single X-Ray Strike Is Enough to Destroy an Entire Molecule)

Researchers want to create the first neutrino laser. 

MIT physicists want to create the most incredible tool that humans have ever created. The simpler way is to trap neutrinos in the tank. And then shoot them forward using lasers as accelerators. Photons will bomb those neutrinos and make them move forward. That makes it possible to create new types of quantum communication tools. And if neutrinos can be put into superposition and entanglement. That gives new possibilities for quantum computing. 

But there is a possibility of using neutrinos to send electromagnetic radiation. Those kinds of systems are tools that can make new observation tools possible. 

They aim to develop a neutrino laser. The concept in that system is the same as in free-electron lasers. The system pumps energy into the neutrino cloud, and those particles will send energy beams, or photons, to make the beam. Those systems can be used to scan atoms with incredible accuracy. The system’s biggest problem is how to trap neutrinos, which are very weakly interacting particles. That trap can be made using laser beams that create an energy point. That doesn’t let those neutrinos get out. Then another laser or other electromagnetic radiation can send energy stress to those neutrinos. 

Another way to create a neutrino laser could be a system that traps neutrinos in graphene. And the system sends energy stress to those things. The neutrinos at the bottom of the fullerene tube send radiation forward, and the neutrinos. That is around that structure, which pumps radiation to a beam that travels through the nanotube.

The possibility of creating graphene, or other 2D material layers. That can trap neutrinos, making it possible to create a radar that can see atoms from a new perspective. In some ideas, the neutrino can be trapped in a photon. The photon forms the tensor that is used to send energy signals to the neutrino. And the neutrino sends its extra energy to that photon. The system senses changes in photon brightness. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-single-x-ray-strike-is-enough-to-destroy-an-entire-molecule/

https://scitechdaily.com/illuminating-science-x-rays-visualize-how-one-of-natures-strongest-bonds-breaks/

https://scitechdaily.com/mit-physicists-propose-first-ever-neutrino-laser/

https://scitechdaily.com/its-its-own-new-thing-scientists-discover-new-state-of-quantum-matter/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-watch-an-atoms-nucleus-flip-in-real-time-for-the-first-time/

The Beyraktar drone makes its comeback.

    The Beyraktar drone makes its comeback. 

Above: “ A Ukrainian TB2 drone armed with precision-guided weapons.” (Eurasian Times)

At the beginning of the Ukrainian war, the Beyraktar drone was the key element in the defense. Then, Russian electronic warfare systems made that drone unable to operate, but the Beyraktar TB-2 may be back in business. The question is this: Are those Beyraktars the same that operated during the early Russian attack? There is a possibility that those drones are updated. The Beyraktar-type drones are large, and they can carry sub-drones or independent, AI-controlled kamikaze drones. 

Or those Beyraktars can have an improved ability to cooperate with drone swarms and track missile sites. And especially sites that operate fiber drones. Or maybe their mission is to search Russian ECM stations and destroy them. Those drones can also operate. In maritime patrol duties. Recently, a Beyraktar drone sank a vessel in Black Sea. 

There is a possibility that those large-sized drones can also operate as decoys or larger kamikaze drones. The purpose of those drones is to make the Russians attack it. The larger-sized drones can carry larger. And more powerful computers than small-sized drones. When we think about Beyraktars, there is a possibility that there are also jet-powered versions of that drone. Another possibility is that the larger drone will carry Beyraktar to a strike distance from the target. The Beyraktar is a system that can carry an AI-based image recognition and attack system. 

The carrier vehicle can carry that drone deep into the Russian airspace. The AI-based system. Makes it possible to select. And attack targets independently. Those drones will not need radio communication. Or GPS. They can use optical digital scene-matching area correlation. Those are terrain contour-matching systems, boosted with aided inertial navigation systems, TERCOM/TAINS, which make those systems independent. from the GPS. The system uses the landmarks and inertial to navigate to the target. 

A radioisotope thermoelectric generator, RTG, gives unlimited operational time for drones. 

And then the system can drop parasite drones near the target, and Beyraktar can make a kamikaze mission against those targets. These kinds of systems are possible. The reason why. There are so many “maybes” in this text. Is this. There must be some kind of reason. Why Ukrainians return to that old system for operational use. There is a possibility that this kind of drone also has unlimited operational capacity. 

Those drones can use electric engines and a radioisotope thermoelectric generator, RTG. The RTG gives electricity to the systems. And those systems can operate for a very long time. The Voyager space probe uses the RTG generator. Which has delivered electricity for almost 50 years. That means a propeller or blower using a drone can operate for almost unlimited time. The blower gives  a higher speed for the drone. And that kind of stealth drone can be almost invisible. Those drones. Will not leave infrared marking, and their small size helps them survive. 

https://www.eurasiantimes.com/bayraktar-tb2-drone-made-a-comeback-in-ukraine/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FP-5_Flamingo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TERCOM

The mosaic model can be a novel approach to creating AI.

   The mosaic model can be a novel approach to creating AI. 

The regular model for creating AI is the large language model, or LLM. That means that. Developers must have control over large data masses. And large code structures. All large code structures are complicated. Because they involve a lot of code. And there are always some kind of errors in the code. That means, when the number of code lines increases, there are more possibilities to make errors. Making the AI is like making a statue. When the system turns more sophisticated. And more advanced, the development process turns slower. When we want to make statues, the first steps are always fast.

 But when we are closing the goal, finishing details takes more and more time. The finishing process just before the statue or product is ready for delivery to customers. Takes most of the time in the development process. The same way. Finishing and detecting errors from the data structure takes most of the time in the programming process. The problem is this: the LLM requires many event handlers. And each event handler is an independent algorithm. That means LLM is a large number of algorithms that operate as a whole. 

The problem is that the LLM rises like dough. That means there are more and more algorithms that must operate as one system. And when the code mass. And the data mass that the system operates on is both large. There can be lots of errors. The AI is a tool that can detect errors in other programs. But the system is not very effective if it must search for errors in its own code. The outsider algorithm can make error detection. AI needs a model. That it can compare its code to. With the code model. Actually, the outsider AI makes the comparison process with two other language models. 

And the problem is: when a new AI model comes. There are no models that the developers can compare their code to. Without models, it is impossible to compare even billions of code lines, which can involve minimal errors. But when there are billions of code lines, and let’s say. There is an error in 1000 lines; searching those codes is a long-term process. That requires carefulness. 

The modular, mosaic model helps expand the AI. 

The mosaic structure or the morphing neural network. That can involve multiple independently operating small language models. It can make it possible to make a flexible and elastic system. Every brick in the mosaic structure is an independently operating server that runs an independent small language model, SLM. Each SLM is a module that involves a certain skill. If the system doesn’t need a module. It can put the server that runs the module into sleeping mode. That makes it more energy efficient.  When developers want to give a new skill to the AI. They can make a new SLM and then connect. That thing to the entirety. 

Researchers say that the future belongs to small language models, SLMs. SLMs are lighter; they involve less code, which makes the development process easier to handle. The SLMs can also operate as a whole. This means: each SLM can operate independently. But those things can also form the virtual entirety. That entirety is like a mosaic. Each SLM has certain skills. When the user sends signals to the system, the SLM knows. If it has that skill or capacity. If the SLM doesn’t have a match. That system forwards the message to another language model, which has the database. That involves data about the SLMs and their skills. And the system sends that information to SLM, which can make the job. 

The idea is that each bite of the mosaic can be written independently. Which means developers can make new modules for AI. And then collect them into  a mosaic. The mosaic-type developing means that. Programmers can control the code better. That also decreases electric use, because if those modules or parts of the mosaic are not required, the system can put its servers to sleep. A mosaic model or morphing neural network structure allows developers to make an elastic and flexible system. 

Do conscious AIs need to have the capacity to feel pain?

  Do conscious AIs need to have the capacity to feel pain?

How can we be sure that the AI feels pain? The “pain reaction” can be sensor-activated tape. When somebody touches a robot in a certain way. It can say, “It hurts”. This same reaction is possible to create. Using a tape recorder and an electric switch. That means the AI can have multiple reactions that mimic human reactions. So if the bot car has certain sensors and somebody kicks it, that system can say. “Please, don’t kick me”. 

Do the AI need to feel pain? That’s a good question, because if we want to create artificial superintelligence, we need to create a machine with consciousness. And that is very dangerous and difficult. Researchers and philosophers don’t agree on what consciousness is or what it entails to be you. Consciousness is being you, but how does that thing form? We say that some part of consciousness is the sum of information that our senses send to the brain. But that’s the first thing that we agree on. 

The second thing is that consciousness is the thing that is connected to memory. Our experience modeling our way to react to something. But the thing that we see the world as being at the middle of is a mystery. This thing is consciousness. But how does that thing form? We can make machines that can mimic feelings very easily. When somebody presses the robot’s hand with a certain power. That launches a reaction. Where the robot says, “This hurts”. The fact is that a similar reaction is possible to create.

By using a scale and a cassette recorder. When certain pressure impacts the scale. The hand presses the power switch. That conducts electricity to the recorder that plays the message to people. This thing means that. Robots that mimic pain are easy to make. But if we want to make a conscious robot, we must realize one thing. The robot can mimic human reactions very easily. If the robot is left behind, it can say, “Please don’t leave me”. Or, when somebody kicks the robot's shin, it can say, “This hurts”. 

In that case. Reaction is like reflexes. When something happens and there is a match in the system memories, that activates a reaction. If some merchandise’s weight is higher. Than a certain level. The robot can report that the merchandise is too heavy. The human-shaped robot requires the scales because it may carry too heavy things. Or presses too strongly. That breaks the robot or merchandise. 

The robot can use its own touch sensor that activates that reaction. Or the surveillance cameras can send that information to a robot. Those reactions are preprogrammed reactions. For a certain situation. Reactions are like tapes that certain actions activate. This doesn’t require deep consciousness. 

These kinds of reactions don’t mean that the robot really fears that situation. Another thing is that. If somebody tries to shut down the AI. There can be a program that only authorized persons can perform that operation. The system can only transform to use a secondary power line. That means the AI can refuse to shut down its main unit, even if it's not conscious. Consciousness makes AI dangerous. A creature with consciousness protects itself. That is only one way to see those things. The AI doesn’t need consciousness to refuse to shut itself down. And that means. It’s hard to state. If the system is conscious. Or if the system just follows reactions that were programmed into it. 

Wormholes: how to make them?

  Wormholes: how to make them?

The wormhole is the thing that can solve the quantum network’s biggest problem. How to move particles between two places and protect that information from outside effects. If we want to use things. Like laser beams to make the quantum channel, we face another problem. A regular laser beam leaves particles inside it. And the key element is to remove those particles from the quantum channel. So, the answer can be the series of quantum fields that melted into one entirety. Then the system pushes those particles out. From that quantum tube. 

In this text, the key is in acoustic and electromagnetic wormholes. Wormholes are channels between two points. The wormhole is a synonym for a quantum channel, the tunnel through the quantum fields. Otherwise, we can say that an acoustic wormhole is a channel. Through gas or liquid. When we want to make a wormhole through air or some liquid. We must realize that the wormhole can be like a tornado through the medium. An acoustic wormhole can be made by spinning two fullerene or benzene molecules in a medium. Those molecules are opposite each other. 

And then they can start to form the tornado through that condensed liquid. Then, some acoustic beam or particle will push that molecular tornado empty. Then the system must only keep the coustic tornado open using the higher energy acoustic waves that deny the channel collapse. 

An electromagnetic wormhole forms when the laser or some other energy beam pushes an atom’s or other particle’s quantum fields into one form. The idea is that the energy beam stretches the quantum fields around atoms or other particles. When those quantum fields touch each other. The system can push those atoms away from that quantum channel. The energy ray that the system aims. Through that channel. Begins to keep the quantum channel in its form. And deny its collapse. If that system can really be created. It can open new views into quantum communication. 

The system works like this. The first quantum system creates a series of superpositioned and entangled atoms. The EM wormhole forms those atoms or their nuclei that are quantum entangled. And then those particles can start to form a quantum tornado between them. The system creates an electromagnetic shadow using a beam that hits the particle pair from the back of the transmitting particle. To create a channel between those atoms. The system must only push those particles out from the channel to form the quantum tube; there is no electromagnetic resistance. 

The key question is: can the system to create a hovering, or empty quantum tube by using a laser, or a particle beam as the virtual atoms in the middle of that tube? It could be possible. To remove the atom nucleus from the quantum field and make the field sustain using a virtual particle. That kind of empty field can be a powerful tool 

Then it pushes those atoms away from that quantum channel, and then the radiation pressure of the laser or particle beams. That denies that tunnel collapse. The energy beam acts like a water flow. That causes counter-pressure that keeps the wormhole open. The electromagnetic and acoustic wormholes are tools that allow researchers to create a quantum network. The electromagnetic wormhole forms in the acoustic wormhole. This allows the system to transport qubits or particles that carry information through the air. If something touches information that carrier particles carry, it destroys the information. 

Chrysalis-spacecraft could someday travel on a one-way trip to Alpha Centauri.

  Chrysalis-spacecraft could someday travel on a one-way trip to Alpha Centauri. 

"Chrysalis could house several generations until it enters Alpha Centauri, where it could shuttle people to the surface of the planet Proxima Centuri b. (Image credit: Giacomo Infelise, Veronica Magli, Guido Sbrogio', Nevenka Martinello and Federica Chiara Serpe​)" (ScitechDaily, Proposed spacecraft could carry up to 2,400 people on a one-way trip to the nearest star system, Alpha Centauri)

A spacecraft approximately 60 kilometers long, called “Chrysalis,” is a model of the generation ship that can transport human colonists to Alpha Centauri. The spacecraft is the winner of the competition to create a spacecraft that uses science-based technology and travels to Alpha Centauri. The spacecraft cannot use things. Like hyperdrive or WARP drive. The “Chrysalis” could take 1000-3000 space colonists on a one-way trip to Alpha Centauri. In that craft, generations will change before those colonists reach the Alpha Centauri system. 

If we think that somebody sends this type of spacecraft to us, and it arrives tomorrow, that hypothetical spacecraft would be sent during the 30 Years' War that was going on in Europe. The thing is that we would never meet those colonists after we sent them on that journey. The messages will travel between Alpha Centauri and Earth in four years. So the message travels between these two solar systems in 8 years.

 And then we must remember that when those people travel between stars, they become distant to us. In the same way, Earth will turn distant things into those colonists, or their descendants. When “Chrysalis” traveled hundreds of years, those colonists' descendants ever saw Earth. They might read about Earth from their databases. But they will never see Earth. And that’s why generation ship crews must not have any contact with the Earth because that eliminates the longing that causes psychological trauma and endangers the mission. So those crew members who will leave on that journey could be artificial, genetically engineered humans who have no parents. 

Those people might grow in the bases at Triton or Pluto, and they might never see Earth. The thing is that the “Chrysalis” project requires many things. And one of them is that our culture must change that way. That we could accept that mission. And those interstellar missions require complete preparation. There must be bases where those crew members can be born and grow. And the biggest thing. That we must remember is this. When that spacecraft leaves our solar system, we never get its crew back. There is a big difference between cases where some crew can die to cases where those people will not come back. 

The Tipler cylinder, or the Tipler time machine, can make it possible to travel to Alpha Centauri during a human lifetime. But we will not get that crew back. Time dilation in a spacecraft extends the crew's lifetime compared to the outside world. 

Theoretically, the Tipler cylinder is quite easy to make. The system can use a similar principle to that of an induction electric engine use. The cylinder is in the tube, and the magnetic field causes that cylinder  to spin very fast. The fact is that. The Tipler cylinder can also be the ion whirl that spins between two layers. But if the system uses physical cylinders. It must do something to the centripetal force that rips the cylinder into pieces. 

The answer to the centripetal force problem can be high-power magnets. In the middle of the cylinder that pulls the cylinder into its form. Another thing that can create negative energy is a low-energy particle beam. That binds energy into it. That system acts like a quantum thermal pump, and it can also be connected to the high-power magnet that is in the middle of the Tipler cylinder. 

The “Chrysalis” can transport people to Alpha Centauri if it can slow its time. That thing can happen by putting the spacecraft’s shell into spin very fast. That turns the spacecraft into the Tipler cylinder. The idea is that the cre module hovers freely in the fast-spinning tube. That spin can cause time dilation in that tube. The cylinder can have two layers that spin extremely fast.

Between those layers would be the ion layer that the system drives very fast in the cylinder’s rotational direction. The center module can hover in that cylinder or spin in the opposite direction with the same speed as the outer layer spins. The system can keep that tube in its form, pulling it to the middle of the structure using. The high-power magnets and low-energy Bose-Einstein condensate beams. That forms the situation where energy travels into the middle of the cylinder. The cylinder causes time dilation, and that increases the crew's lifetime. But anyway, those crews will never return. 

https://www.livescience.com/space/space-exploration/proposed-spacecraft-could-carry-up-to-2-400-people-on-a-one-way-trip-to-the-nearest-star-system-alpha-centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipler_cylinder

The ability to control the mind can be an ultimate training method. But it can also open the darkest visions of dictatorship.

The ability to control the mind can be an ultimate training method. But it can also open the darkest visions of dictatorship. 

Brightest innovations have darkest sides. That is the thing. That we should somehow learn. This is the thing. That people like Fritz Haber are shown to us. The same person who created ammonia synthesis and made fertilized irrigation possible created chemical weapons that killed millions in the First World War. In the same way. Things like artificial intelligence and brain-implanted microchips are tools. That can make many good things. But those systems can also control things like killer robots. And that means we must realize that all of those systems have two sides, bright and dark. 

The ability to control consciousness and decode thoughts is a tool. That has always fascinated people. The CIA and other intelligence agencies studied those things for a very long time. And an idea is to create a spy who doesn’t know being a spy. The person would walk into the office. And read documents and other things. And then that person goes to the safe place. And after the mark, that person can repeat everything that this person saw and heard. The idea is to use humans as walking recorders who don’t know that they are spies. 

The BCI system can make this thing possible. Brain circuits store information in the microchip, and then that system decodes that data in a safe place. 

That makes them pass things like lie detectors and even sodium amytal interrogation. In some other visions, the consciousness control can be used to hide top-secret technology. What if the operator can make missions using highly classified systems? And then that person will not remember anything. And any details about the missions and equipment are lost in their memories. The ability to control memories is a tool that can have many roles in the future. Controlled memories. Or, so-called synthetic memories are tools that can be used to train complicated things very fast. 

And that thing can save human lives. If a person is in trouble in remote areas. And the only person who can give first aid is person who lacks the needed skills, those systems can offer those skils in a very short time. Those systems can teach complicated algorithms to people, and they can make many things that we don’t even think about possible. Brain implants can be used to teach people things like karate. When we think about things like mind manipulation. We must realize one thing. In the wrong hands, those systems are extremely dangerous. 

When Brain-Computer Interfaces, BCI systems operate with people, they interact with the computer directly through the brain lobes. That means the mind cannot separate data, or information that it gets from the BCI, from information that the person’s own senses will send. And that is the danger of the BCI, that it is a very powerful tool. The BCI can cause a singularity where people are connected with the AI and each other. By those kinds of systems. In the worst cases, the system destroys personality and turns people into a homogenous mass of information. The biggest problem with the BCI-controlled computers is that. A person will not separate what is real and what is a cyber dream. That means the person can simply forget to sit on the computer and then die because of a lack of food and drinking. 

The biggest problem is this: the person. Hackers can target the users of wireless BCI connections. This thing makes remote extortion possible. The same system also offers a way to communicate using brain waves. That thing is called technical telepathy. Technical telepathy is thing that allows a person to control robots and other things using brain-implanted microchips. Those robots send information to the controller’s brain that handles that information. Like it comes from the senses. These kinds of systems are created to control bionic prostheses. But they can also control robots and other things. 

https://www.livescience.com/17449-matrix-inception-brain-manipulation.html

https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a63149552/pentagon-psychic-spies/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004223007526

Sound waves and solitons are a new way to store information.

Sound waves and solitons are a new way to store information. 

"System in reciprocal and coordinate space. Credit: Nature (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08616-9

A small international team of nanotechnologists, engineers and physicists has developed a way to force laser light into becoming a supersolid. Their paper is published in the journal Nature. The editors at Nature have published a Research Briefing in the same issue summarizing the work. "(Phys.org, Laser light made into a supersolid for the first time)

Identical, impacting laser waves can form solitons. When they pack, wave movement packs against each other. Same way. Coherent acoustic waves or sound waves can form acoustic solitons in matter. Where those waves travel. Coherent acoustic waves that pack vapor in certain points can be the new tools for 3D printer systems. The acoustic system can pack metal or plastic vapor, and it can also be used to push metal layers into a denser form. That makes it harder. 

But let's begin with sound waves. 

Sound waves can store information, just like any other wave movement. Normally, when we store information on disks and tapes. We store it in an electromagnetic form. But there is a possibility to store sound waves as sound waves. But that requires extreme technology. The problem is how to make a sound wave. That can keep its form. The answer is this. The system should have the ability to freeze the medium where the sound wave travels so fast that it can store the wave movement in its form. If the system cannot freeze the wave movement and keep it in its original form. That means the system will not be able to store the sound wave. 

Sound waves or acoustic waves are thing where atoms or molecules hit to each other. When one atom or molecule hits another. That pushes that other atom forward. That makes the acoustic wave. And when the system tries to freeze a sound wave, it tries to freeze that barrier- or contact layer. If the system can do that, it can store soundwaves in their form. 

Another way could be to use “time crystals”. Those time crystals are things that can wobble back and forth forever. Time crystals are so-called quantum perpetual motion machines where low-energy atoms just surround energy between each other. That thing makes it possible to create a sound wave. That travels in those time crystals. That soundwave can remain as long as extremely low-temperature atoms wobble in the time crystal. Maybe that is the new way to store information. 

The problem with the acoustic information is how to make sound waves. That can keep their form. The acoustic wave stores information like all other waves. We can say that a certain decibel level means 1, and below that level is zero, in the binary system. In a quantum system, a wavelength of the oscillation is one state of a qubit. And the decibels are zero and one in those strings or states. In acoustic quantum systems, herz means state. And decibels are zeros and ones. 

A density map of photons in the light supersolid, with the modulation visible as the wavy lines.(Trypogeorgos et al., Nature, 2025)(SitechDaily, World First: Physicists Create a Supersolid Out of Light)

"Comparison of skyrmion and antiskyrmion. a, b Néel-like skyrmion and antiskyrmion schematically shown in c and d mapped onto a sphere. The color code represents the out-of-plane component of the spins via the brightness, with bright (dark) spins pointing up (down), and their rotational sense in radial direction going from inside out changing from red (clockwise) via gray (vanishing rotational sense) to green (counter-clockwise). e, f Cross sections of the spin textures along the four highlighted directions shown in c and d" (Wikipedia, magnetic skyrmion)

Solitons, or solid light, can also be the new step for quantum systems. 

The sound wave that surrounds an object can close its sound inside it. And that makes the object silent. The standing sound wave that travels around an object can also throw the incoming sound over the object. And that denies the echo. The sound skyrmions can also form a structure that traps ions in that thing. A sound skyrmion, or acoustic skyrmion, is the acoustic version of the ring-shaped electromagnetic field. Some people believe that the blaa-lightning is a skyrmion. When the skyrmion rotates around its standing axle, it turns into a so-called “virtual ball”. That effect is similar to the case where somebody pushes a standing coin to rotate very fast. We see that a fast-rotating object is a ball. Because our brains cannot detect that very fast movement. So the standing- and rotating skyrmions can explain ball lightning. 

In some theories, the photon can also be some type of skyrmion. 

Solitons are formed when high-power identical lasers push their beams against each other. That thing means the light can turn solid because laser rays are pushing light waves against each other. That means wave movement can pack to form something that acts like a solid thing. The solitons can transmit data when information is transported to another laser beam. The small difference between energy levels. In the laser beams, let information travel through the system. That is one version where solitons can be used. As we see from the image. Solitons form similar structures to neurons. That gives a wild vision that maybe in the future, solitons can create a structure that forms the light-neurocomputer. That is one version of the use of solitons. 

But then. We can imagine many other uses for solitons and skyrmions. A skyrmion is a ring-shaped electromagnetic field. The soliton can transmit information into skymions. And that makes them ultimate data transmitters. The skyrmion can transmit information wirelessly. But there is also one thing that can make skyrmions more interesting than anybody expected. Skyrmions that surround the object can aim electromagnetic radiation past the object. That thing makes the object invisible. Another thing is that if some object is surrounded by skyrmions, they can form a power field that destroys any physical object that tries to travel through it. 

https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/using-sound-to-remember-quantum-information

https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/skyrmion

https://phys.org/news/2025-03-laser-supersolid.html

https://www.sciencealert.com/world-first-physicists-create-a-supersolid-out-of-light

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_skyrmion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyrmion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_crystal

AI’s advancement turns slower.

   AI’s advancement turns slower.

Growing accuracy requires more complicated code. That causes a situation where AI’s advancement slows. When developers created some pseudo-AI tool in a couple of hours in the 1980s, those programs required about 10-50 lines of code. Those programs asked “what's your name?” and then they output the name that the user gave. Then they might ask, “Is the sun shining”? And then the user could answer “yes” or “no”. Then the program replied with something that gave good things in the user’s mind. Today, AI algorithms require billions of code lines. And that causes a situation where the advancement slows. 

So, when accuracy grows in program advancement slows. 

AI’s advancement turns slower. When its accuracy grows. And that means the AI follows the line of the limits in mathematics. Term limits mean the equation that’s the curve approaches zero endlessly. But that curve never reaches zero. If we translate this mathematical equation into an AI model, we can say that when AI approaches human level, the advancement slows down. Maybe. The AI will never reach a complete human level for programmers, but it will reach a level that is almost human-level intelligence. So the base elements in the AI are easy to make.

Then, researchers should find something more accurate. At the same time, they must find new, complicated ways to train their AI. And that means there is a need for more complicated algorithms. Those algorithms require more power, more time, and more accuracy. This means that the programmers use more and more time. That developers can  create more complicated code for algorithms. And how they should react. When accuracy grows. The sector of their algorithm can work turn smaller in the same time. When the need for accuracy grows, the speed of programming slows. 

And the next thing is that the error detection must be at a level where the system can be trusted. Another thing. What slows AI’s advancement is the calculation power. The system needs the entire data center for every query. That means the system needs so much calculation power that developers have no money to buy the systems that they need. Complicated code requires high-power, very high-accuracy systems. And when the system requires lots of capacity for the smallest duties. 

That causes a situation where the developers don’t have time to use AI as they need. When some details keep the system busy, it has no time to drive new code. Complicated code requires a complicated- and long-term error-detection process. The human coder cannot check even billions of lines of computer code. The entire human lifetime is not enough for that process if the human coder wants to make that thing without automated tools. 

Every object in orbit could be an ASAT weapon.

    Every object in orbit could be an ASAT weapon. 

Researchers are worried. That China’s space-debris catcher can turn into an ASAT, an Anti-Satellite weapon. A debris catcher can also hijack other satellites. And that is the risk for national security. Satellites are vulnerable targets in modern warfare. They also play a key role in detecting enemies and providing communication datalinks and location services for both military and civilian services. The radar satellites can also detect their own troops if they carry a transponder that shows their location to radar satellites. The problem with radar satellites is that those satellites are easy to knock out. The ASAT missile can have similar systems what regular anti-radiation missile uses when it attacks regular targets. 

The drone swarms are things that require satellite-based communication and that advance and accelerate the development of anti-satellite weapons. In some models, high-power radars send EMP pulses against satellites. High-power radar impulses can destroy the satellite's electronics. Or the system can form an electric arc around the satellite. There are systems that push satellites into the atmosphere. In the Cold War era, the Soviets made so-called “Almaz” tests. where their satellites and Almaz-space stations, like Salyut 5, tested things like machine guns against satellites. There is a possibility that some miniature shuttles have ASAT roles in the military world. 

Things like Fractional Orbital Bombardment Systems, FOBS, causes the need for rapid reaction ASAT systems that can take these kinds of things out from orbit. The Chinese space shuttle made a flight with groups of mysterious objects, and that could be the test. There, the shuttle releases  and collects FOBS weapons, “space mines,” from the orbiter. The space mine means the structure whose purpose is to close the orbiter. Sometimes, miniature satellites that the kevlar wires connect together are planned for that mission. The problem is that the space mine must be removed when own operations begin. The nukes that are positioned into the orbiter can also be used to destroy other satellites and create EMP pulses that purpose it take the defense systems out. 

Things like laser systems are used to blind satellites. But there have been systems created that can destroy a targeted satellite. Those lasers and other electromagnetic systems can have megawatt-scale power. The orbital laser-satellite, with similar lasers. Used in the metal industry can cut and damage other satellites' solar panels. 

This is one thing that we must realize. And the second thing is that every object in the orbiter is an ASAT weapon. The simplest ASAT system is the satellite that collides with another satellite. This makes micro-satellites a perfect weapon. They are tools that can observe other satellites, but they can also act as ammunition, when they collide with another satellite in the case of war. Another thing is that the simple but effective version of the kinetic energy weapons is the space shotgun. In some other versions, the system uses a giant net to capture and push the satellite out of its trajectory. 

The system uses a rocket engine. The system pumps metal balls to the nozzle. And then the exhaust gas will send those balls against the targeted satellites. Or the system can use Claymore mines. To shoot metal balls at targeted satellites. Or those satellites can rocket salvos against satellites. In some visions, the system can drive a large magnet that pulls ions from the Van Allen belt to the targeted satellites. In some versions, the regular rocket transports a large number of metal balls to the orbital trajectory, making it useless. 

The problem with the ASAT weapons is this. The orbital trajectory is full of debris. Things like debris-cleaners whose purpose is to remove space junk are also excellent ASAT systems. The satellite can be put in the plastic bag, made of mylar. And then the small satellite simply pulls it into the atmosphere. The flying garbage can that takes a satellite in the tank and returns it to the atmosphere is the thing that can hijack satellites. And that system can take them to the ground for investigations. The satellite hijackers can be used to steal data from the captured satellites. 

Things like manipulator arms are things. The system can be used to push other satellites into the atmosphere. And in some visions. The satellites that carry hypersonic parachutes for return and recycle their components can also capture other satellites into those parachutes and take their targets with them. The parachutes can make it possible to research the microchips' sustainability against cosmic radiation. The problem is that the directed energy plasmoid weapons can cause similar damage to the solar plasma flow. The plasmoid weapon can knock out other satellites. And those kinds of things can be misidentified, caused by  solar wind. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/08/watched-net-drift-toward-a-target-in-silence-chinas-space-debris-catcher-sparks-fears-of-covert-anti-satellite-weapon-use/

https://www.twz.com/chinas-spaceplane-has-released-multiple-mystery-objects-in-orbit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaz

Russia is preparing to test a nuclear-powered cruise missile.

   Russia is preparing to test a nuclear-powered cruise missile. 

Russia is preparing the Novaja Zemlya missile test site for the nuclear-powered 9M730 "Burevestnik" (NATO codename CSS-X-9 “Skyfall”)nuclear-powered cruise missile test. The “Skyfall” missile basically uses similar technology. Which the 1950s’ Project Pluto used. But the technology that "Buresvestnik" uses is more sophisticated. Computers and AI make those systems possible. 

Today, technology is more advanced than in the 1950s. And things like reactor cooling systems are more advanced. Skyfall uses a nuclear reactor. To expand air, which gives the system virtually unlimited operational capacity. The “Skyfall” or “Burevestnik” missile’s nuclear reactor rotates an electric engine that uses blowers and compressors. Launch can happen by using a rocket booster or from a high-speed aircraft. 

The blower makes it possible that the “Buresvestnik” could use regular runways. And it will not need those rocket boosters. Is there a drone version of that missile that can return independently to the base, under development? 

https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/krnd.htm

Artist's view of Bartini A-57. 

The reported range of that nuclear-powered missile is about 20,000 kilometers. The nuclear-powered ramjet engine can give the system hypersonic speed. And that system will be the deadliest tool. That has been developed after the Cold War. The “Skyfall” is the missile that can operate. With things like Fractional Orbital Bombardment systems, FOBS. The nuclear-powered missiles can also operate as so-called sub-orbital FOBS. 

These are weapon versions of  atmospheric satellites. The operational altitudes of those nuclear-powered missiles can be very low or very high altitudes. They can change their altitudes from the surface to high altitude. The power gives the missile the ability. To make an unlimited number of maneuvers. Those nuclear-powered missiles are hard targets for defense. Damage in the nuclear reactor’s shell delivers nuclear waste to the ground. Another thing is that. The “Skyfall” or “Burevestnik” can be a test platform for the new. And more advanced, and more capable systems. 

If that missile operates as it should, the road will be open to the nuclear-powered versions of the Tu-160 “Blackjack” bombers. And maybe there are plans for nuclear-powered space shuttles that can operate in the atmosphere. As well as in orbit, at least at a low Earth orbiter. Those aircraft can accelerate in Earth's atmosphere. And then jump out to space. The nuclear-powered rocket or ramjet engine can use atmospheric air that it expands by using a nuclear reactor. Then the nuclear-powered system jumps out from the atmosphere. And it starts to use the internal propellant. 

The nuclear reactor can use any propellant that it can expand with its heat. That means. The nuclear-powered aircraft or shuttle can theoretically collect and return samples. From the other planets' atmospheres. Those shuttles can also give an ultimate ASAT and strike capacity to the air force that operates them. Roberto Bartini introduced the idea of a nuclear-powered space shuttle.  Or an amphibious space shuttle. That system is based on cancelled A-57.  That nuclear-powered space plane would use water as an operating platform. The system can fill its propellant tanks with water. 

Then the shuttle rises into the air. And then. The system can use air-breathing nuclear engines in atmospheric flight. Then the system can jump outside the atmosphere. And start to use its internal propellant, which can be water. Or hydrogen and oxygen that the reactor expands. The last case requires the internal electrolytic system, but a nuclear reactor can boost the power of a regular rocket engine. 

https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/russia/krnd.htm

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/putin-appears-ready-test-new-missile-he-prepares-trump-talks-researchers-say-2025-08-13/

https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/russias-new-arms-gives-us-room-pause-missiles-putin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9M730_Burevestnik

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartini_A-57

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Pluto

Neuralink microchips can eavesdrop on the neural system.

 Neuralink microchips can eavesdrop on the neural system. 

The Neuralink microchip is a tool. That can make paralyzed people live more fulfilling lives. Neuralin microchips are installed in the patient's brain. And they can be connected to the computers. That allows users to control the computer using their thoughts. That thing is a brain-computer interface (BCI). This connects the human brain straight to the net. That opens the path to control remote robots using EEG. Those systems' data security must be over the top. If those systems are hacked, the results can be devastating. 

That BCI interface allows a user to control the computers, mobile telephones, and all other electronics using that microchip. The computer is the key to controlling physical things. And that's why BCI is the key element to control physical tools. The idea of the BCI was introduced in the Graig Thomas novel "Firefox". In that novel and movie, the pilot controlled the super fighter's weapon systems using the BCI. 

The BCI system that allows the use of user interfaces using EEG is the tool that can make more than Graig Thomas's fictional system ever could. Firefox was written in 1977, and that means modern neuralink applications are bypassing that fiction. And the reality is turned more impressive than fiction. The AI and advanced data technology are turning fiction into fact. The AI-controlled microchips can transmit data to the brain. 

Darth Vader, a fictional character from the Star Wars movies, is one version of the human-robot hybrid. The BCI can make that thing possible. The bionic robot can be connected to the brain using the BCI. 

And that advances learning. The BCI system makes technical remote viewing possible. That happens by connecting those microchips to the surveillance cameras or robot bodies. The same system can allow people to transmit their sensorial data and other things to other people across the air. Those microchips have their ultimate risks. That risk is hacking. The AI-based systems can also use neuro-implanted mictochips to project a person's thoughts to the computer screen. 

The neuralink-type microchips that operate with Bluetooth allow the user to connect themselves. Straight into the internet using things like mobile telephones as sockets. The internet can make it possible for a person to transmit things like tastes, visual images, and the sense of touch over the net. 

The sense that the neuralink microchip transmits depends on the brain area where the chip is installed. That thing gives an ultimate experience that the brain cannot separate from personal experience. And that is the risk in those systems. Those microchips can also transmit things like other people's memories. Or maybe the AI can create synthetic memories that are the synthetic EEG curves. If those curves are sent to the right memory area in the brain. Our brain cannot separate those " synthetic memories" from real memories. 

The brain-implanted microchips are tools that can make things like a Darth Vader suit possible. Those microchips can control things like a bionic prosthesis. That thing means that the robot-human hybrids are possible. Brain-implanted microchips can make incredible things possible. But a technical advance can make it possible to use intelligent tattoos that are miniature microchips to communicate with the brain. Those very small microchips and antennas can give enough accuracy for the data transmission between the computer and neural structures. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/08/elon-musks-neuralink-launches-mind-control-chip-trials-in-uk-paralyzed-patients-become-human-guinea-pigs-in-this-shocking-experiment/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox_(novel)

Biomimetic drones can make a revolution in drone technology.

   Biomimetic drones can make a revolution in drone technology. 

"Illustration of a flapping-wing drone landing gently on a person's hand." (RudeBaguette, “Falcon-Like Drone Lands Softly On Your Palm”: Japan Team Says This Is The Future Of Flight)

Biomimetic technology gives drones new abilities. Small-sized drones that can flap their wings are the new tools for drone technology. Flapping-wing drones can land softly in the hand.  And they are less vulnerable than propellers. Flapping-wing drones can look like birds or insects. The insect-looking drone can slip into the house and then transmit discussions to its mothership. 

Those biomimetic drone systems can be the ultimate tools for surveillance and other types of missions. They can investigate how insects really live. And those systems can also observe people who are suspected of illegal activities. Small-sized drones can operate in houses, and they can search for unauthorized users. 

Or they can search for thermal leaks and possible fire. There is a possibility that the insect-shaped drone looks like a brooch. And then that brooch is simply left on the table. That tool can operate under its controller's command and make records from the space. The small robot insect can also use stun or lethal injections to target people. And when we talk about things like flapping-wing robots, there can be many types and many forms of those systems. 

The robot can look like a caramel box, and it can find any target in that building using artificial intelligence. Those systems are more dangerous than we can even imagine. They can play garbage and destroy the privacy at any point in the world. 

And that gives them the ultimate ability to perform different types of operations in certain areas. The problem with the small-sized drones is their limited operational range. The answer to that problem can be the drone, which has wing geometry and wing adjustments that mimic albatrosses. 

That bird is known for its ultimate ability to fly for even years without the need to land. And that ability is possible to transfer to a flapping-wing drone. Artificial feathers can adjust air flows in similar ways to how feathers work for real birds. The wing and surface act like real albatross feathers and wing geometry. The flapping-wing drone can have many types of missions. The wing geometry and body shape can mimic other birds like hawks. 

That thing gives those drones quite a fast top speed. When we think about the flapping-wing drones, those systems can also use things like fuel cells and special solar panels as a power source. In albatross-shaped drones, the system can load its batteries from airflow, and that increases its flight time. 

Those solar panels can mimic feathers. Or those drones can drink some hydrocarbon like alcohol to give fuel for their fuel cells. That system allows them to operate anywhere, anytime. But things like radioisotope batteries can give those systems virtually unlimited operational time and range. But if that system is in the wrong hands, it causes security problems, because those nuclear batteries involve dangerous radioactive material. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/08/falcon-like-drone-lands-softly-on-your-palm-japan-team-says-this-is-the-future-of-flight/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/08/albatrosss-dynamic-soaring-flight-style-holds-the-secret-to-extending-drone-flight-times-with-wind-energy/