Can the mythical fifth force explain why dark matter is invisible?

"Researchers are testing whether dark matter obeys the same rules as visible matter or if a hidden force influences the unseen structure of the Universe. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Is Dark Matter Controlled by a Secret “Fifth Force”?)

There is a possibility. That's the dark matter strange form. That makes it invisible to our sensors is from the mythic fifth force. Today. The fifth force is a hypothetical interaction. The Muon g-2 anomaly in Fermilab and Brookhaven gave hope that this force could be true. Those anomalies were real. The thing. What caused those anomalies? It is a mystery. The anomaly is so weak. That it fits between the predicted values. So those results are contradictory. But it's possible that those results are a hint about the fifth force. 

It's also possible that dark matter is a source of dark energy. So, are dark energy and the fifth force the same thing? Nobody knows. 

The new measurements tell. There can be some other interactions between visible and dark matter. But those interactions are so weak. That they disappear under the glow of visible material. Mystic gamma-ray glow in the center of the Milky Way can form in cases when the supermassive black hole Sgr A* packs dark matter, or hypothetical dark matter particles, weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, in a small area. 

There, those particles can form. High-energy interaction. We can see that thing as the gamma-ray glow. That means dark matter can have similar interactions. As visible matter. But those particles are somehow different. That visible matter covers those dark matter interactions under it. It’s possible that WIMP is a very small high-energy particle. That we cannot detect. It’s possible that WIMP. And the graviton, the hypothetical gravitational transportation particle, is the same thing. But that is only one hypothesis. 

If dark matter doesn’t defy gravity, we must ask what makes that matter existent? That’s the gravity effect of that strange, unseen thing. There is a possibility. The dark matter is particles. Like some kind of quarks. Sometimes. It is theorized about. The possibility that dark matter particles, hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, are somehow similar to quarks.

But they have no ability. To form more complicated particle groups. Like hadrons. That means. There must be some kind of force that keeps those, still hypothetical particles, separated. The fact is that. If two similar particles have the same energy level. That forms a standing wave between them. And that pushes particles away from each other. 

There is a possibility that those particles send some kind of energy. which forms quantum-size electric arcs between them. That means WIMPs can explain the dark energy. So maybe dark energy form. When those hypothetical WIMP particles send energy when they impact each other. Or maybe the cases where WIMP turns into wave movement are the thing. That releases the energy that it stored. And maybe, we see that energy as dark energy. 

If the WIMP is a particle that is surrounded by a so-called standing wave that makes it is unable to reflect radiation. In some theories. That WIMP is a quantum-sized black hole. And energy slides into its spin axle. The WIMP condenses the energy fields and forms a thing that we can call dark energy. 

Above: The Fermilab results of the Muon g-2 anomaly in 2025. We can see that the results of the Muon magnetic field observations are minimally out of the range. That means Muon g-2 test results can be explained by the conditions of the test and measurement tools. But those anomalies still exist. 

But then we can ask what the fifth force is. Sometimes people say that the fifth force is the antigravity. There must be some kind of particle that transmits gravity waves. That hypothetical particle. Called graviton waits for its finder. Some theories claim that the graviton and WIMP are the same thing. And the thing that forms that particle is the quantum-sized black hole. The idea is that this particle can have a transition disk and a relativistic beam. like full-size black holes. 

Those things are so small that we cannot see them. There is the possibility that. Because those small black holes have a transition disk. That thing pushes them. Away from each other. There is a possibility that quantum gravity is not the same as full-size gravity. And in some models, dark energy is the antigravity, the energy that fills the gravity waves, or energy valleys between those waves. The fifth force could have its origin in the WIMPs that stored too much energy. 

"A mysterious gamma-ray light from the center of our galaxy may be the long-sought sign of dark matter. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, A Strange Glow in the Milky Way May Be Our First Glimpse of Dark Matter)

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

The expansion of the universe means that if dark energy formed during the Big Bang, the expansion should make dark energy weaker. When the universe expands. And there is the same amount of dark energy. That means the dark energy should turn weaker, because it must fill a larger space. 

Another possibility is that the universe leaks. Dark energy is a wave movement that should travel at the speed of light. That means dark energy can travel out of the universe before particles. So if dark energy travels out from the universe, and there is no dark energy that comes from outside the universe. That means there is less dark energy left in the universe. 

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Maybe. One of the reasons for that is the expansion of the universe. But if we think that the universe’s expansion causes the dark energy to turn stronger. We face an interesting research. That research tells us that the universe’s expansion is slowing. That challenges the established theories that dark energy is stable. If dark energy formed in the Big Bang. That means it should advance. When the universe expands. 

The domination of the four known fundamental interactions changes. First, the strong nuclear force was dominating. Then the weak nuclear force. Electromagnetism. And then gravitation. Now dominating is a strange dark energy. When particle distances grow. There is more free energy between them. Dark energy is free energy that rips the universe. That’s the simple model. 

The complicated model is. Dark energy turns weaker. As well as. The other four interactions. In this mode. The universe leaks energy away from it. So, if dark energy travels out from the universe faster than it expands. Dark energy travels at the speed of light. And matter behind it travels slower. That means dark energy can exit the universe before any particle. That means dark energy should also turn weaker. 

The universe's expansion turns it larger. And if all dark energy is released from the Big Bang, that means the expansion of the universe should turn dark energy weaker, because there is a static amount of dark energy to fill a larger universe. So, even if dark energy does not escape from the universe before matter, that means dark energy turns weaker anyway. 

https://news.fnal.gov/2025/06/muon-g-2-most-precise-measurement-of-muon-magnetic-anomaly/

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-dark-defy-gravity.html

https://scitechdaily.com/a-strange-glow-in-the-milky-way-may-be-our-first-glimpse-of-dark-matter/

https://scitechdaily.com/is-dark-matter-controlled-by-a-secret-fifth-force/

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-einstein-was-only-half-right-nasas-new-test-for-dark-energy/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-universe-will-end-in-a-big-crunch-physicists-warns/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_force

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_g-2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_particle

Dark energy can be virtual. Or, maybe quantum tunneling could explain that thing.

Can black holes be the key to dark energy? 

When we think that the black hole absorbs energy fields and matter inside it. That means the energy turns denser around black holes. That thing can cause a situation where dark matter and visible matter start to interact. There is also a possibility that things like hypothetical tachyon particles can transfer energy into those extremely dense fields. In some visions, the black hole can transmit tachyons. Or near it, the superstrings interact so often that those interactions are seen as dark energy. 

Sometimes things like dark matter annihilation are introduced as the dark energy sources. The dark energy can also be a virtual effect, which forms when the universe expands. Sometimes, some known fundamental forces are introduced as dark energy. 

There is a possibility that things like gluons can send a wave movement that has a very short wavelength. That makes this radiation very hard to detect. And that means that the ark energy can be radiation whose wavelength is shorter than gamma-rays. 

The universe and its shape are changing. All the time. The only stable thing in the universe is change. One of the things that causes the change is so-called dark energy. There is a possibility that the dark energy is only a virtual force. The force that forms when the universe expands. That expansion moves objects away from each other. And that turns gravity weaker. This is one explanation for the dark energy. There are also models that dark energy is a gravitational scattering effect. That turns the gravitational effect weaker. The gravitational scattering effect scatters and spreads gravitational waves. 

That effect could exist. Because gravitation is a wave movement. That means it should scatter like all other wave movements. But. When we think about the question of dark energy.  We should ask what puts energy into motion. The crossing of a high-power gravitational field. Or a gravity wave. It could cut the gravitational bridge between two objects. But then. We can think of dark energy as the result of quantum tunneling. 

When a particle travels through the quantum tunnel or wormhole, it will not behave like other particles. During the tunneling process, the particle will not receive its energy. Like in other cases. The quantum tunnel is like an energy whirl. That press energy to the particle. This means when the particle travels through the quantum tunnel, its energy level is higher than it should be. So the quantum tunneling can be one thing. That can explain dark energy. Quantum tunneling is quite a “normal” effect in the universe. Electromagnetic wormholes or quantum tunnels form. All the time. 

When electromagnetic radiation impacts a particle, it forms a shadow on the particle’s opposite side. If that particle spins a certain way, it starts to form an electromagnetic tornado that can create a tunnel between two points. Because the tunnel’s or quantum tunnel’s wall is on a higher energy level than the potential wall.  That thing helps the electromagnetic tornado tunnel itself through the potential barriers. 

The wormhole is the gravitational version of quantum tunneling. And it would be the most extreme version of quantum tunneling. In that case, the quantum tunnel forms through the gravitational fields. But when we think about things like neutrinos, they can tunnel through planets and stars. Those particles also interact with their environment. And when they travel through the planets, the planet’s core could transform energy into those particles. That means their energy level will be higher than it should. 

But then to the wormholes. If we think about the black hole’s paradoxes, one of the things that the black hole should make is the case where time travels backward. When the escape velocity is higher than the speed of light. That thing can cause a situation. Where time travels backward, because time dilation stops time at the speed of light. 

And when escape velocity turns higher than the speed of light, that means time should move backward. If time exists. In this case, the arrow of time starts to circle around the black hole at the point of the event horizon. The arrow of time means that when one particle travels past another particle. On a lower energy level. A higher-energy particle transmits energy. To a lower energy particle. That slows time in that receiving particle. 

That energy that the space around the event horizon presses information back in time. Or in some models, the black hole takes information into the point where it was born. That means that if this thing is true. And the first thing that formed in the universe was a black hole. There can be a black hole that is like a pillar from the end of the universe to the beginning of the universe. If that is true, black holes can transport energy from the future to the past. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/hubble-tension-dark-energy/

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a69076047/universe-bends-laws-of-physics/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

The plasmonic equatorial interaction forms the black hole's giant energy impulses.

“A chain of plasmoids is created on the equatorial plane along the current sheet, where the particle density (left part) is higher. Here, magnetic reconnection takes place, accelerating particles to very high energies (right). Particles also reach relativistic speeds along the spin axis and eventually form the jet powered by the Blandford–Znajek mechanism. Gray: Magnetic field lines. Credit: Meringolo, Camilloni, Rezzolla (2025) (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Solved a Black Hole Mystery 100 Years in the Making)

Astronomers studying the supermassive black hole M87*, a behemoth six and a half billion times the mass of the Sun, have uncovered a new way these cosmic monsters unleash their power.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Solved a Black Hole Mystery 100 Years in the Making)

“Using cutting-edge simulations, scientists at Goethe University Frankfurt revealed that not just magnetic fields, but a process called magnetic reconnection, helps extract energy from a spinning black hole to launch jets of matter stretching thousands of light-years. These immense cosmic beams, moving at nearly light speed, scatter energy and matter across galaxies, shaping their evolution.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Solved a Black Hole Mystery 100 Years in the Making)

A chain of high-energy plasmoids is one of the sources of the black hole's powerful high-energy radiation. The high-energy radiation. That comes from black holes that form when magnetic field connections and magnetic field disconnections occur. There are moments when a black hole pulls even magnetic fields into its event horizon. And in that case, the particle that falls into the black hole falls by following the spiral trajectory. Suddenly, that whirl forms a magnetic field that starts to drive material into the black hole’s poles. This thing packs the plasma in the black hole’s equator.

“In the equatorial plane of the black hole, the researchers’ calculations revealed intense reconnection activity, leading to the formation of a chain of plasmoids – a condensation of plasma in energetic “bubbles” – moving at nearly the speed of light. According to the scientists, this process is accompanied by the generation of particles with negative energy that is used to power extreme astrophysical phenomena like jets and plasma eruptions.”   (ScitechDaily, Scientists Just Solved a Black Hole Mystery 100 Years in the Making)

When that magnetic connection causes cross-flow. In the plasma. That thing causes fusion  and a very powerful energy point. That pushes those plasmoids away from the structure. This is the thing. That we see as flashes in a black hole’s energy production. The magnetic field connections and disconnections can form extremely powerful plasma beams. The idea is that. The opposite polar layer pulls plasma against it. Then the crossing field will be connected. And that pulls the packed plasma to the poles. 

 And then the magnetic field will be connected. That thing should form in the same way as powerful plasmoid effects. It forms around black holes. Cutting the magnetic field allows the system to pack plasma against the layer. Then the magnet that pulls plasma to a certain direction causes cross-pull. To the plasma layer. This thing forms an energy point that can form a very high-power plasma effect. In that system, the vertical magnet forms the plasma pack. And the horizontal magnet pulls the plasma into a certain direction. 

There is a possibility of mimicking the black hole’s plasma interaction using high-power magnets. Those systems can be used. In many kinds of things. The high-power plasmons that impact can form a fusion reaction in the air. The positive and negative ions (anions). Pull each other together. This thing can form a pulsating plasma-fusion reaction.  There can be multiple solutions in military and civil technology. For that kind of high-energy reaction. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-just-solved-a-black-hole-mystery-100-years-in-the-making/

Can dark energy and dark matter be some kind of virtual effects?

"A new analysis suggests the universe’s “missing” mass and energy may be artifacts of slowly varying fundamental couplings. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (SctechDaily)

A new paper suggests that dark energy and dark matter are virtual effects. And the reason for that effect is the expansion of the universe. That means the fundamental interactions turn weaker. And that causes a virtual effect. That we see as dark energy and dark matter. The problem with all models is: where should we put gravity? When the universe expands. 

The distance between objects turns longer. This means that gravity turns weaker. And that means that the effect of the other three known fundamental forces turns stronger. In this model, the expansion of the universe is. Causes a situation. Where relations between fundamental interactions change.  This thing means that the universe will end its existence in a Big Crunch. Dark matter and dark energy are effects that dominate the universe. When we think of the expansion of the universe. 

That turns quantum fields weaker. This causes the expansion of the elementary particles. This means that they form a lower energy space. In the particle. And the structure that. It might be a whisk-looking superstring structure that also delivers energy. When the universe expands, matter turns into wave movement. There can be higher energy particles than predicted. And maybe those particles are the reason. For dark energy. 

There are suggestions that dark matter and dark energy are the vacuums in the cosmos. Those vacuums or cosmic voids can put the energy in motion. And if that void collapses, it forms a dark effect that acts like gravity. There are also suggestions. The cosmic microvoids, which are atom-scale cosmic voids, can form an effect. That looks like materia. 

Image of a photon. 

There is a possibility. There is a structure in some particles. That focuses the energy into the center of the structure. The photon is the structure. There can be a parabolic pothole in the energy ring. That causes a situation. That photon can focus energy in the middle of it. 

There are also models that. Photons are a dark energy source. And maybe. Dark energy is from too high-energy-level photons. When we think about a photon’s shape. And its interactions. The one reason why photons seem to have no mass. But it reacts to gravity. This means there could be some kind of scattering effect that denies the gravitational wave interaction with the photon. 

If a photon has a quantum-sized black hole in the middle of it. That forms the gravitational counter wave that makes the photon hover. In the gravity field. 

This can form in the center of the photon. And the quantum-size black hole can explain why a photon is so different than other particles. If the photon is a donut-shaped energy field that forms around the quantum-sized black hole. That explains its strange behavior. In that model, the thing that interacts with the photon is the quantum field. Where that particle travels. 

When a photon takes its wave movement form. It's possible that this particle just stretches. The photon can store energy like all other particles. And if forms around the quantum-size black hole, that structure interacts like all other black holes. That back hole pulls quantum fields from around it. That quantum-size black hole packs energy into the relativistic beam. And maybe. That beam is the thing. That we call dark energy. The question is, what puts energy into moving? 

https://www.livescience.com/physics-mathematics/quantum-physics/the-shape-of-light-scientists-reveal-image-of-an-individual-photon-for-1st-time-ever

https://www.iflscience.com/the-fundamental-forces-of-the-universe-are-getting-weaker-new-paper-suggests-81023

https://scitechdaily.com/dark-matter-and-dark-energy-dont-exist-new-study-claims/

Happy 100-year birthday, quantum mechanics.

  Happy 100-year birthday, quantum mechanics. 

The GIF above this text introduces field interaction. When the outside field pushes the inner field, the inner field’s or structures' size will turn smaller. Until the pressure or energy level in it can break that process. Or the pressure or energy level turns so high that it can resist the outside field. 

It’s 100 years of quantum mechanics. In 1925, young scientists named Werner Heisenberg went to Helgoland Island and developed the concept of quantum mechanics. In Helgoland, he realized that all things in the universe are in interaction. There, that person realized that the sky is blue because some kind of particles hit it.

And then that thing caused shockwaves that we see as blue light. The blue light is so-called Cherenkov radiation. That radiation forms when a particle that travels speed of light hits the atmosphere. Those particles must slow their speed because the speed of light is lower in the atmosphere than outside the atmosphere. 

When a particle slows its speed, it must transfer its kinetic energy into its environment. When a particle hits the atmosphere. It sends a shockwave. The shockwave that we see as a photon is the thing that slows the particle's speed. When we think that the universe and all other systems are growing entropy, that means. We see that chaos is increasing in the system. But then we must wake up and make one decision. 

If the system is limited, any phenomena in it cannot be unlimited. And then we can see that entropy is not literally “chaos”. It's the thing that might look like chaos. But there can be repeating structures. Like in fractals. If researchers can someday find the order in the system’s entropy, they can calculate changes in its shape backward. And if those calculations are made right, they can uncover the shape of the original system. 

That makes this type of thing interesting. When a particle travels through the universe, it collects information from its environment. That information is on the particle like plague. And the problem is that. We cannot touch the particle. But if we could see the shape of the information that forms hills and potholes on the particle’s shell. If researchers know the route and entire systems. If the particle passes, it makes it possible to reorder that information. The problem is that near all stars, molecular nebulae, X- and gamma-ray bursts, and all other things involve quantum systems. 

The quantum fields in those systems are unique. And that makes this model theoretical. But if researchers know everything about the  particle’s route. They could restore information and see what things look like in that particle’s route. If that kind of thing is possible. That makes the quantum network possible. Data travels in a quantum network connected to particles. And if researchers can protect the data and calculate it back in the form. Where information was at the beginning of the particle’s journey. It allows sending bottle-post where information is stored in electrons. 

The ability to remove entropy. Makes it possible to see distant objects. And it can also allow researchers to transport information from the past to the future. Or from the future to the past. The black hole is the thing that can transport information from the future to the past. But the problem is that the entropy at the edge of the event horizon turns information into a mess that nobody understands. 

That entropy is like a series of whirls that mix information into a form. That makes no sense. But if researchers know how that border behaves and what kind of whirls there are. That allows them to re-order that information. That requires complete knowledge of the systems. And how those things behave in interaction.