Researchers might have found a dark matter fingerprint from a black hole collision.

"Gravitational waves from colliding black holes may hold subtle clues about one of the universe’s greatest mysteries: dark matter. A new study proposes a way to search for these hidden signatures by analyzing how black holes behave when surrounded by dense clouds of exotic matter. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Scientists May Have Found Dark Matter’s Fingerprint in a Black Hole Collision)

Researchers might find. The mark of dark matter from the black hole collision. The black hole collisions are the most violent events in the universe. They find incredibly strong shockwaves. Those shockwaves form when the black hole's halos impact. The gravitational fields also send very strong gravitational waves. Those shockwaves press the quantum fields into extremely high-energy and dense form. 

Researchers hoped that those shockwaves could press the dark matter into such a dense form that they could measure it or its effect on gravitational fields. The packed dark matter can cause interference in gravitational waves. In some models, a gravitational wave is actually an energy wave that travels between dark matter particles. 

"A new model developed by physicists at MIT and elsewhere predicts how gravitational waves (blue and red waves) can carry imprints of any dark matter (light purple) that two merging black holes happen to spiral through. Credit: Courtesy of Josu Aurrekoetxea, et al" (ScitechDaily, Scientists May Have Found Dark Matter’s Fingerprint in a Black Hole Collision)

In those simulations reseachers try to find out whether it is possible that gravitational waves can cancel each other out. Another thing that can make this effect interesting is. If some other wave. Could fill the energy ditch. That makes gravitation so different. If those energy ditches are filled, the gravitation will turn opposite. The idea is that a gravitational wave is the energy wave that travels between tw ditches. That means in normal cases, those ditches pull more energy out from the particle than the wave can give. So, if those energy ditches are filled. That means that. Without those lower energy lines, gravity cannot pull objects. Into the gravity center. 

But if a gravitational wave is an energy wave that travels between dark matter particles… 

The idea of this model. It is simple. The dark matter forms of quantum dots. Those quantum dots. They can be real particles. Or they can be exciton-style quasiparticles that form around a spinning string-shaped structure. This means that. The dark matter could be the cloud of quantum dots. Each of those quantum dots will act as an individual gravitational center. Those quantum dots can be some kind of whirls in the gravitational field. 

The gravitational wave is, in this case. The energy wave that travels between those quantum dots. Those quantum dots will send energy waves between each other. When a higher energy quantum dot, or dark matter particle, sends an energy wave. It puts other quantum dot resonate. And if that radiation, or wave movement, has a very short wavelength, it pulls energy out from other particles. 

And when energy travels out from a particle, the other energy tries to fill that hole. This could explain why gravitation is so different. In some other models. The gravitation forms when the energy impulse separates from the particle. That leaves a small. Lower energy area between the wave and particle. If we think that a gravitational wave acts like all other waves. There is a smaller energy ditch forward of the energy wave. If that wave turns lower than the energy ditch. That explains why a gravitational wave pulls particles to the gravitational center. The reason why the energy ditch turns deeper. If we compare it with the energy hill. Is the expansion of the universe. 

Because the energy level in the universe turns lower. That means. That energy wave that the particle sends turns weaker. If we think about what makes those gravitational waves as a thing. That. Only pulls particles into the gravity center. The thing that is required is that the wave that travels between energy ditches cannot replace the energy that those ditches “steal” from the particle. 

But all waves form in the movement of the particles. And maybe dark matter is the particles that form gravity waves.

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-may-have-found-dark-matters-fingerprint-in-a-black-hole-collision/

Did time move more slowly just after the Big Bang?

The answer is one of the greatest paradoxes in history. The paradox is that. There was nothing there for us to compile this thing. Time moves fast or slow, only if we observe it from outside. This means that we can use the quantum model to explain that thing. If we are in the middle of the system, we cannot see it as an entirety. So if somebody asks,  how long was the second just after the Big Bang? The right answer is “second”. Time, or evaporation, was slower in the young universe. But in that case, we will compare it with the modern universe. But does that have any effect on the universe? Researching time is difficult from inside the universe. 

Reseachers found the most massive black holes in the universe. The hyper- or ultramassive black hole pair in the galaxy Abell 402-BCG. The mass of those bohemoths is about 60 billion suns. And they are on a trajectory that leads those black holes together. And that forms the unbelievable-size behemoth. The distance to that galaxy is 4,4 billion light-years. These kinds of objects are tools that can tell about the time. Those black holes pack matter and quantum fields around them. From such a large area that we can observe it. 

And then we must ask one question? Could there be time without dark matter or superstrings? The idea is that. The gravitational effect that we know as dark matter. It can make energy on the move. Dark matter is whirls in quantum fields. Without depending. Whether that thing has a particle form or not. That thing forms a situation where energy moves. And if we lose all energy, everything disappears. Outside energy is the thing. That pushes particles into their forms. 

The ultimate fate of the universe. It can form multiple smaller universes. 

So this causes an interesting idea. Of the ultimate fate of the universe. When the last black holes pull. The last matter and quantum fields inside it. This means that when that matter ends. Those black holes will explode. And maybe the universe starts to form again. This model is suitable for the form. That we know as “Big Silence”. 

This model is a hybrid between a “Big Crunch” and “Big Rip”. The Big Crunch means. The universe falls. Because of its own gravity. And Big Rip means that the expansion of the universe continues forever. In this third model, the black holes form the quantum dots into the entirety. And part of the universe condenses into those bohemoths. Then energy and matter end. And those black holes start to explode. If that is right, the universe forms the group of “baby universes”. 

Superstrings can play a big role in keeping energy in motion. 

There are two versions of the origin of the superstring. The cosmic tornado forms the matter. Theoretical model of the matter form. When those superstrings form the quarks. There are two models. One is that in the middle of a photon is a quantum-sized black hole. Or in another model, the photon focuses energy. Into the middle of it. 

When a photon spins around its horizontal axis. That forms a situation where the energy spark starts to spin. That forms the quantum tornado. This thing puts energy into motion. So what happens if those things don’t exist? The answer is that there is no energy movement. 

Or quantum-scale energy motion is far slower. That energy puts particles to shine. But if energy doesn’t move? That causes extremely fast energy escape from particles. There is a small paradox. That paradox is simple. If energy doesn’t move, it cannot escape from particles. So in that case. Everything just vanishes. Without energy, not even a photon can move. This is why gravity is very important. It puts energy into moving. 

https://www.astronomy.com/science/did-time-move-slower-right-after-the-big-bang/

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/largest-pair-black-holes-collision

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Rip

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

The binary star accelerates gamma-rays with a power of over 100 TeV.

“For years, scientists have searched for the sources of the most energetic particles in our galaxy, cosmic rays that carry energies far beyond what human-made accelerators can achieve.”(IE)

“Now, observations from the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) have revealed a binary star system pushing particles past a critical energy barrier. The system, LS I +61° 303, has been found emitting gamma rays above 100 tera–electron volts (TeV)—firmly placing it in the category of ultra-high-energy sources”. (IE)

Reseachers make observations about the gamma-rays by using secondary particles for that thing. Searching for and detecting gamma-rays. Straight is a very long-term process. But. The system can search for secondary particles that form when high-energy gamma rays. Hit the atmosphere. 

This kind of energy level is quite normal for supernovas and black holes. But the binary star that forms this energy level radiation is not normal. Maybe the binary star can accelerate particles. Into the very high speeds. Because the poles of the stars are in series. This means that the south pole of the other participant of this binary star system could be against the other star’s north pole. 

This means that the poles of the stars are. Like this: South-North. South-North (-+)(-+), and that causes a very high acceleration to particles. The primary question is, where exactly is the point? Where those gamma-rays form. 

And that causes very high acceleration to the particles that travel between those poles. The protons that come from another star’s north pole hit the other star’s south pole, and that causes very strong gamma-ray emission. Another version could be that the series of the poles of those stars sends particles at a very high speed to the material. That is around the binary star system. In both cases, the power of those gamma-rays is very high. Also, photons that the system forms accelerate those particles. When particles like protons and electrons hit each other. That thing sends photons. Those photons accelerate electrons. 

One of the reasons why. Those protons. Can reach. A higher energy level than in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is simple. The LHC. That accelerates protons to a level 6,5 TeV. But this binary star. Can raise their energy level to 100 TeV. Is simple. The LHC accelerates protons only by using magnetic fields. The binary star also sends IR and other EM radiation into those particles. This raises their energy level. Into an extremely high level. 

There is a possibility that this kind of phenomenon can be harnessed into fusion systems on Earth.

The system generates two plasma balls. Those plasma ball poles. They  are in a position. That is similar to that binary star. Then the system shoots the particle beam over those plasma balls. Maybe those plasma points can be made using the crossing plasma beams in two Tokamak Reactors. That thing can raise the energy level of those particle beams to levels that they cannot reach otherwise. 

https://interestingengineering.com/space/100-tev-gamma-rays

Why are most distant galaxies distancing so fast?

“Standard candles (left) and standard rulers (right) are two different techniques astronomers used to measure the expansion of space at various times/distances in the past. Based on how quantities like luminosity or angular size/diameter change with distance, we can infer the expansion history of the Universe. Standard candles involve looking at objects whose intrinsic brightness is known at all cosmic distances, while standard rulers involve looking at features such as the physical size of a known object or the average separation distance between any two galaxies (imprinted from baryon acoustic oscillations during the early stages of the Big Bang) that evolve as the Universe expands.” (Big Think, Ask Ethan: How can ultra-distant galaxies move so fast?)

Here, we must realize one thing. We don’t know the luminosity of the most distant objects. There can be dark nebulae between Earth and those objects. Another thing is that. There are two directions in which those objects move. The horizontal and vertical. The vertical movement is the movement away from our galaxy. And the horizontal movement is the movement to the side from the original direction of our galaxy. 

This means that if we were to find a galaxy. That is the opposite of our galaxy, and both galaxies orbit the center in the same direction. That means we would not see horizontal movement at all. But the vertical distancing, the redshift of that galaxy, will be incredible. The redshift measures the vertical movement. Spectral lines in that distant galaxy turn red. The horizontal movement is measured by using different methods. 

If this galaxy is found. That could bring us closer to proving the existence of dark flow. If dark flow exists. And galaxies orbit the same point. That tells us. The universe has a mass center. Or. There is a point that puts the entire universe in orbit around it. 

The answer is in the position of the observer. The phenomenon is opposite to the case where two cars collide at a speed of 50 km/h. This means that. When car 1 has a speed of 50 km/h. And a car 2 also has a speed of 50 km/h, the impact speed. It is 50 km/h + 50 km/h. And. That is 100 km/h. So, the effect is similar to that of a car impacting a standing wall at a speed of 100 km/h. Same way. If two cars are distancing themselves. 

To the opposite direction. And both of them have a speed of 50 km/h, the distancing speed is also 100 km/h. This is one of the things that we can just say. That everything is relative. When two electrons collide in the particle accelerators at a speed of 80% of the speed of light. That means their impact speed is 160% of the speed of light. Those particles will not cross the speed of light. But their mutual speed is higher. 

The mutual speed of two objects can be different from the speed of each of the objects. In the same way, when two photons travel in opposite directions. Their mutual speed. It is. Two times faster. Than the speed of light. 

Then to galaxies. Measurements of the distancing speed of galaxies. It is measured by using the Doppler effect. This means that the wavelength of the radiation becomes longer. Then two objects are distancing. This means that spectral lines travel to the red. And when another object gets closer to us, that turns the wave movement shorter. 

This is the effect, called blueshift. But. We must realize that gravitation pulls that radiation longer. And this means that. Near black holes, all objects seem slower. Than they really are. So galaxies cause an effect on the object that comes closer, seeming to be slower than they really are. And objects that travel away seem to be distancing faster than they really do. We can call it an effect. There gravity stretches light.  As a virtual redshift. 

 But then. If. We are looking. At the most distant galaxies that are on the opposite side of the universe. We must realize that the speed always behaves the same way. When two galaxies are moving away from each other. Their distancing speed behaves like the distancing speed between two cars. The speed at which the systems measure. It is the speed of galaxy 1 + the speed of galaxy 2. 

But then another thing is this. Gravitation stretches light. This means that every gravitational center. Seems to be in longer distances than they really are. Gravitation stretches light on both sides of the measurement line. The galaxy that sends light pulls that light back. That causes a virtual redshift that is stronger than the real redshift.

When that light travels to the Milky Way, the gravity of our galaxy pulls the wave movement from the front. And that means that. Also, our galaxy has the effect of that redshift. In the cases of galaxies. The gravity stretches light so strongly that it has an effect on redshift. If we think that the effect of the gravitational redshift is very small in the case of light-years. 

But in the long distances. Like distances of megaparsecs, even small errors. Turn bigger. One parsec is 3,26 ly and a megaparsec is a million parsecs. 

In the same way as in the cases. That measurement tool makes a 1 mm error. In the 100m distances. That error might not seem big. But. When we try to measure distances. Like Earth's distance to Jupiter. Those errors turn into an enormous scale. 

⁠https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/how-galaxies-move-fast/⁠⁠

⁠https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_flow⁠⁠

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect

⁠https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsec⁠⁠

When planets are in the wrong order. (LHS 1903)

"LHS 1903 is a small red M-dwarf star that is cooler and shines less brightly than our Sun. Scientists used telescopes in space and on Earth to discover four planets orbiting LHS 1903. With those telescopes, they classified the three closest planets to the star as the innermost being rocky, and the two that follow it gas giants. Credit: ESA" (ScitechDaily, This Alien Solar System Doesn’t Follow the Rules – and Scientists Are Intrigued)

“LHS 1903 is a red dwarf star located about 116 light-years from Earth in the constellation Lynx, near 21 Lyncis. It is thought to be a member of the Milky Way's thick disk.” (Wikipedia, LHS 1903)

“It hosts four known exoplanets. Its planetary system has been described as "inside-out", as instead of the usual pattern where gas planets tend to form further out, its planets are arranged in a configuration where the innermost and outermost planets are rocky, while the middle planets are gas dwarfs.”(Wikipedia, LHS 1903)

“In the late 20th century, scientists often described planetary formation using our solar system as a template. In that view, small rocky planets form close to the Sun, while gas and ice giants form farther away. However, the discovery of more than 6,128 exoplanets across 4,560 systems, along with unusual types such as hot Jupiters and planets orbiting pulsars, suggests that our solar system may not be typical.” (ScitechDaily, This Alien Solar System Doesn’t Follow the Rules – and Scientists Are Intrigued)

“Hot Jupiters (sometimes called hot Saturns) are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter (i.e., Jupiter analogues). But they have very short orbital periods (P < 10 days). The close proximity to their stars and high surface-atmosphere temperatures resulted in their informal name "hot Jupiters.” (Wikipedia, Hot Jupiter) 

Could planets change their place? This is a good question. The LHS 1903 is the red dwarf. The M-type star is far less bright than our Sun. The mass of that star is far lower than that of our Sun. That star has a planetary system of four known planets. The planetary system of LHS 1903. Fits in the Mercury trajectory. If we compare it with our solar system. 

The planet’s order in this system is interesting. The inmost and outmost planets from the star (LHS 1903, B and E) are rocky planets. And the center planets (LHS 1903 C and D) are mini Neptunes. Those mini Neptunes' mass is about six times that of Earth. And their diameter is about twice Earth’s diameter. 

“The location of the LHS 1903 system in the constellation Lynx. Credit: Stellarium.” (ScitechDaily, This Alien Solar System Doesn’t Follow the Rules – and Scientists Are Intrigued)

The LHS 1903 planetary system (Wikipedia, LHS 1903) 

Also, those two rocky planets have a very large mass. The fact is that. When we see the table of that solar system. We see. The outermost planet E is almost as massive as planet D, and it's also more massive than planet C. So, could that mean that the LHS 1903 is trapped some of those planets around it? If we think of the possibility. The planets changed their places. That requires that something. 

More massive than LHS 1903, it formed. Some kind of mass center. And then turned the entire solar system around. Could some. A very small thing, like a small black hole. Travel between those planets? This kind of thing could spin. The planetary system around that mass center. 

 In planet formation models, the rocky planets are nearest. The reason for that is the solar wind. That blows the light elements away from around the planet. But there is one thing that makes LHS 1903 interesting. The rocky planet is massive. That means it could also lose its gas layers. The cosmic event, like some kind of particle beam, can strip the light elements from around that planet. 

The massive “hot Jupiters” can be very close to their star. If there is a solar system. The innermost planet is a “hot Jupiter”. And others are lighter rocky planets. That can form in a situation where the star “robs” other planets than the “hot Jupiter” from other solar systems. In cases of “hot Jupiters,” the planet’s massive gravity can resist the starwind. 

https://scitechdaily.com/this-alien-solar-system-doesnt-follow-the-rules-and-scientists-are-intrigued/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_Jupiter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LHS_1903

Cosmic collision. Turned the Magellanic Clouds into chaotic.

"The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is a nearby dwarf galaxy and one of the Milky Way’s closest companions. Rich in gas but relatively low in heavy elements, it provides astronomers with an important laboratory for studying how stars form and galaxies evolve. Credit: NASA, ESA, CXC, and the University of Potsdam, JPL-Caltech, and STSc." (ScitechDaily,A Cosmic Crash Turned This Nearby Galaxy Into Chaos)

“The Small Magellanic Cloud, or SMC, is one of the Milky Way’s nearest galactic neighbors. It is a small, gas-rich galaxy visible to the naked eye from the Southern Hemisphere, and it remains gravitationally linked to our galaxy along with its companion, the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC.” (ScitechDaily,A Cosmic Crash Turned This Nearby Galaxy Into Chaos)

“The SMC contains more mass in gas than in stars. Under normal conditions, gas cools and contracts due to gravity. It forms a rotating disk, similar to the process that created the flat, spinning structure of our solar system. However, earlier measurements using the Hubble Space Telescope and the European Space Agency’s Gaia satellite showed that the SMC’s stars are not moving in an orderly rotation around the galaxy’s center.”(ScitechDaily,A Cosmic Crash Turned This Nearby Galaxy Into Chaos)

“A study published in The Astrophysical Journal offers a possible answer. Researchers from the University of Arizona found that the SMC’s lack of stellar rotation likely stems from a direct collision with the LMC. This discovery also raises concerns about using the SMC as a model for understanding galaxy evolution over cosmic time.” (ScitechDaily,A Cosmic Crash Turned This Nearby Galaxy Into Chaos)

The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is a gas-rich dwarf galaxy located near the Milky Way. That galaxy is one of the closest galaxies around the Milky Way. That object is near another irregular dwarf galaxy: the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The inconsistent form of those galaxies caused discussions. The reason for their interesting form was the collision between the SMC and LMC. 

This collision turned those galaxies. Into chaos. That chaos is interesting because that means those galaxies collided so close in the past that they had no time to reorder their structures. In the same way. When Andromeda hits the Milky Way. That causes chaos. When the Andromeda galaxy. Close.  Milky Way. First, it should travel past our galaxy. It starts to orbit the Milky Way following a spiral-shaped trajectory. 

That closing spiral trajectory causes the collision between the Andromeda Galaxy’s supermassive black hole. And the Sagittarius A, the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way. That collision happens in the distant future. The calculated time to that collision is 4-5 billion years. So, when that happens, the Sun is turned into a white dwarf. 

“The Magellanic Clouds (Magellanic system or Nubeculae Magellani) are two irregular dwarf galaxies in the southern celestial hemisphere. Orbiting the Milky Way galaxy, these satellite galaxies are members of the Local Group. Because both show signs of a bar structure, they are often reclassified as Magellanic spiral galaxies.” (Wikipedia, Magellanic Clouds)

The two galaxies are the following:

“Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), about 163 kly (50 kpc) away.”

“Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), about 206 kly (63 kpc) away.”

(Wikipedia, Magellanic Clouds)

“The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC)”. (Wikipedia, Magellanic Clouds)

“Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC)”. (Wikipedia, Magellanic Clouds)

“The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds”. (Wikipedia, Magellanic Clouds)

"Illustration of the SMC-LMC collision. Credit: Himansh Rathore, University of Arizona" (ScitechDaily, A Cosmic Crash Turned This Nearby Galaxy Into Chaos)

Previously, astronomers believed that those galaxies. They were old ones. The gas-rich structure of the SMC caused suspicions about the age of those galaxies. And modern observations. Tell that the cosmic collision turned those galaxies into chaos. Normal spiral and elliptical galaxies form around the mass center. Those mass centers are normally supermassive black holes. 

That thing turns the galaxy into a spiral structure around that supermassive center. The lack of a mass center turns galaxies into inconsistent. Or chaotic forms. Another thing that can turn a galaxy. Into chaos is the cosmic collision. The question is how that chaos affects the star formation in the galaxy? In modern models, stellar formation requires whirls in the material re. Those whirls start to form the denser points in gas and dust. 

Those material packs start to accumulate material around them. Do those whirls form stars? It depends on how long the material accumulation can keep its form. If some cosmic event, like a supernova explosion, happens too close, that thing can destroy the proto-star before anybody even knows its existence. Also, chaotic form. And crossing material flows can destroy those proto-stars. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-cosmic-crash-turned-this-nearby-galaxy-into-chaos/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda%E2%80%93Milky_Way_collision

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanic_Clouds

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittarius_A

Can the universe be infinite?

“Measurements of the early universe show that space appears flat across the observable cosmos. But beyond our horizon, the universe could still curve, loop, or connect in surprising ways, leaving its ultimate size and shape an open scientific question. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Is the Universe Infinite? The Surprising Truth About Cosmic Geometry)

Before we go into the new ideas of the universe and its geometry. We forget one thing. The infinite universe requires space outside the universe itself. And then we must determine the term “space”. There is “space” outside the universe, but is that space the “total emptiness” energy level that is lower than the energy level of the universe? This causes another question: if that “hypervoid” exists, that could create a situation where there is no particle that can travel across that hypervoid as a particle. This means everything that goes outside the universe turns into wave movement. Because there are no quantum fields in that area, the wave movement turns into a straight form. 

So. The wave that travels in that hypervoid will look like a straight string. This means that there are no internal changes in energy level in that wave. And if there are some other universes, this means that the wave movement comes from those universes. It is the same way as a string. When we observe wave movement, we can detect it because there are changes. In its energy level. This means that we see the change, not the energy itself. This is one of the reasons why we should always ask: Is there space around the universe? If information cannot keep its form in that area? Can we call that existence or not? Outside the universe, information gets its final form. 

But is the universe infinite? We can determine that the universe is a hypercluster of multiple internal clusters. So there is a possibility. The universe is a bubble in an extremely low-energy space. This means that the energy level in the universe is higher. Than the energy level around it. This means that energy travels out from the universe. Normally, we think that this energy flow is one-way. But if we think that particle that travels out from the universe turns into energy, that means that those particles send photons or energy waves back to the universe. This can mean. That some part of dark energy can come outside the universe, but is its origin in the other galaxies, or is it in those particles? This is one of the biggest questions. 

Can the universe expand faster than the speed of light? In a cosmic hypervoid, the speed of light would be far faster than it is in the universe. Another thing is more complicated. The universe pulls that wave movement back to it with its gravity. But. If we think that a cosmic supervoid can cause a situation, the wave movement stretches and turns into a straight form. So. This raises a question: Can information travel at an unlimited speed? Theoretically, that is possible if there are no quantum fields. But. That causes a situation where the wave transports information. Turns into a straight form. This means that returning that information is a very high process. The system should turn. Those energy hills and valleys. On that wave, back into its form. 

There is a possibility that the universe. It is like an energy hill. In the cosmic hypervoid. And if those hypothetical other universes exist, they are the same way energy hills. When we think of the edge of the universe. It’s possible that there is some kind of shockwave that travels ahead of the universe. This means that if that shockwave exists, there can be a very high energy threshold. The shockwave could be an energy hill that is only half a degree higher than the energy level in the inner universe. So there is a possibility. The drop in energy level behind that barrier is far higher. This means that at that point, energy travels out from the universe. Very fast. This means that the cosmic hypervoid is outside the universe. And it pulls the universe larger all the time. When the universe expands, that turns the quantum fields inside it weaker. That puts all elementary particles. To send a wave movement and photons. This increases entropy in the system. 

Without the expansion of the universe, there will be no free energy. There would not be cases where particles send photons. This expansion puts energy into the move. This is the thing that keeps processes in the universe going. And that is the thing that finally destroys the universe, or it destroys the universe in the form that we know it. 

https://scitechdaily.com/is-the-universe-infinite-the-surprising-truth-about-cosmic-geometry/