“The universe is still speeding up, scientists say, keeping dark energy and its mysterious role in cosmic expansion firmly in play. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab / Michael Lentz” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Say the Universe Isn’t Slowing Down After All)
When speed reaches the speed of light (299792458 m/s), time stops moving. That is. The remarkable thing in physics. This means that a photon has no time. The photon is a massless particle that transports electromagnetism.
A photon itself is like a string. That string rotates around its main axle and surface axle. This causes small quantum whirls around the photon.
The photon's shape is like a donut. It can explain A small part of why the photon has no time. If. We think that the donut-shaped particle travels in the universe. The energy travels to that donut from the middle of the photon.
Energy also travels in the structure from the outside of the photon. And nails the photon into its position. That means the photon delivers as much energy as it releases. Because the universe expands, that structure sends wave movement through spacetime.
The speed of light is the cosmic speed limit. That speed limit is the speed of light in a vacuum. The speed of light is quite easy to cross. If. The particle impacts a medium. The neutrino detector uses that effect. When. A neutrino impacts water. It. Sends a blue light shockwave. This blue flash is known as Cherenkov radiation.
When. That particle arrives in water. It must slow down. That means it must deliver its kinetic energy. That energy forms the small bubble that acts like a WARP bubble in water. That bubble. It cannot stand very long. And it collapses when the particle slows. Its speed.
Into a level that is in water. The reason. Why. The particle cannot continue its journey faster than the speed of light because it cannot maintain that bubble. To maintain that bubble, the particle requires energy. But the speed of slowing is not limitless. And that means the particle travels faster than the speed of light in water. For. A very short moment.
“We experience time as real. But what if it's only an illusion: an illusion that's inherently relative? Does time fundamentally even exist?” (Big Think, Starts with a Bang, Can we be certain that time really exists?)
“An example of a light cone, the three-dimensional surface of all possible light rays arriving at and departing from a point in spacetime. The more you move through space, the less you move through time, and vice versa. Only things contained within your past light-cone can affect you today; only things contained within your future light-cone can be perceived by you in the future. This illustrates flat Minkowski space, rather than the curved space of general relativity.” (Big Think, Starts with a Bang, Can we be certain that time really exists?)
A Photon.
The idea of the Alcubierre WARP drive is similar to Cherenkov radiation. The system creates a shockwave around the craft. That shockwave. That acts like Cherenkov radiation. That energy bubble can form by antimatter annihilation in the quantum nanotubes. That shockwave decreases entropy.
The theoretical basis of that system is simple. There are no vacuums in space. That means. There is a possibility. To. Create a bubble that pushes quantum fields, ions, and other particles from around the craft. So. The system. It just replaces the false vacuum. By. Using a deeper vacuum. Or it decreases entropy in that bubble. The system can use gamma rays for that purpose.
But then we face another paradox. That can make it very hard to think about crossing the speed of light. Time dilation means time slows.
When it approaches the speed of light. At the speed of light. Time stops. And then. When a particle crosses the speed of light.
Time starts to travel backward. That means that if we cross the speed of light. We should travel back in time. To. The point where we crossed the speed of light. Then we must realize only one thing. Time and location in space are different things. This means that we can travel in space and time. This means that. Even. If we travel back in time. The location in space and time must not be the same.
But is time its own dimension or a natural force? If time is a force, it exists. But then we can think about a model. In which time does not exist. In that case, time is virtual. Time exists somehow. But the question is. Could time be a dimension? If time is a dimension. It can move forward or backward. In dimensional time, time travel is possible.
If. Black holes. Transport matter and energy. Back to history. To the point where it formed. This could explain dark energy as energy that primordial black holes transport from the future into the young universe. That is one explanation. If. Time is a dimension.
In the case of virtual time. Energy. It just prevents matter from evaporating. So. If we surround a particle with a high-power energy field. That prevents the particle from turning into energy. But then we must realize that the particle is like a bubble in the quantum field. This means. That. The energy that travels in the particle reflects from its center. And. That reflected energy destroys the particle. The outside energy can push the particle into its form. And slows the energy flow. From. That particle. When we talk about things like stopping time.
We must understand that the expansion of the universe decreases energy in that field. That expansion decreases the energy level in those quantum fields. We think about dark energy. And the universe's expansion. We must understand that all known matter and energy come from a single point.
When. The universe expands. Its energy level turns lower. But at the same time, matter travels faster. The distance between objects grows. And the expansion of the universe accelerates. Along. With dark energy. The gravitational effect turns weaker.
When. The universe loses its density. Matter and dark matter between galactic clusters. becomes thinner. The speed of light. Outside the galactic halos. Turns higher. And that thing forms Cherenkov-type radiation. Evaporation of the matter is stronger. That means free energy in the universe grows.
Another thing is that. If. The universe is inside some plasma ball. Particles that impact that plasma ball send Cherenkov-type radiation. That also travels in the universe. That radiation can be one of the things that cause dark energy.
The border. Between. Matter and the dark matter halo, and space outside that halo turns higher. That means energy travels out from those halos faster. The theory goes like this. The. WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particle). Is the particle. That means the dark energy could be the evaporation of those WIMP particles. Because. The universe’s energy level decreases. Evaporation of matter. At the edge. Of the galaxy cluster halos. Also turns stronger.
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/beat-the-speed-of-light/
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/does-time-exist-182965/
https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/paradox-black-hole/
https://phys.org/news/2024-11-theory-reveals-photon.amp
https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-say-the-universe-isnt-slowing-down-after-all/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light
