The route to war can be shorter than we thought.

Energy infrastructure is the key target in hybrid operations. The hybrid operations have two stages. 

1) Cyber and information operations. That thing can tighten the atmosphere. 

2) Sabotage. When somebody harms the physical infrastructure. Like open transformer stations or railways. That can cause losses of life. When somebody uses physical tools to cause harm, that can cause deaths, if the operators are not sharp. 

Those things can cause economic disasters. And economic disasters can cause internal and external pressure. And in a tight situation. It is possible. That somebody puts spark in the powder. 

We live today in the time of strained international relations. That means that the world is apparently at peace. But things like cyber attacks. They're going on all the time. Those cyber attacks mean trolls. Fake news and things like hijacking homepages. Those kinds of things are meant to cheat opponents. Those information operations mean. 

Support for the political movements. That supports some participants’ ideology. We think that this new cold war is the conflict between Russia and NATO. But there are many other participants. Those other participants are China, and many other countries that have their own interests to guard. And the Ukrainian war is only the visible part of the giant game of power. The power of raw materials and technology. 

This allows the winner to control the world. Things. Like rare earth metals are important in the modern microchip industry. The green energy. Or energy that doesn’t need fossil fuels. Let's the people and nations that invest in the petrochemical industry. And natural gas and oil without incoming money. This thing takes a giant income out of the Arab and Putin’s hands. And that is one of the things that we must realise. 

Information operations can spread into hybrid operations. Those hybrid operations involve threats to leading politicians. And one thing that we must understand is that the steps to full-scale global warfare go through the global economic disasters. 

The route to war: 

1) Information operations. Information operations, or psychological operations (INFO-OPS, PSY-OPS), have a purpose. It is to turn the public opinion. To support the operator's own goals. The fact is that those operators can sell their services to political movements. And the back gift can be that the political movement supports those operators’ policy. The information that is used is very emotional. 

2) Information operations spread into hybrid operations. There is always a possibility that, when the physical components are used in operations. Somebody makes miscalculations. And that causes deaths and injuries.

There is a possibility that a jet engine sucks a drone into it. Or the explosive drone kills some people. When its users want to detonate open substations. 

3) Fear or some other things take the trustworthiness from economics. That reflects the economic situation. 

4) Falling economies form internal socio-economic tensions. That causes disorders. 

5) And the rumors and other things turn into a full-scale military escalation. 

Information operations. It can take trust away. From some important economic structures. That means that the information operations. Or faked and propagandistic ways exaggerate the economic problems. Or they cause a situation. That investors escape. Because. They affraid. Of their investments and their personal safety.  That causes a series of bankruptcies. And then the internal disorders cause a situation where full-scale conflicts begin. 

When information operations accelerate, they will turn into hybrid operations. In hybrid operations. It is possible to damage the opponent's infrastructure. 

The purpose of those attacks is to deliver fear. That means those attacks can involve. The use of drones. With explosives against the electric infrastructure. If the atmosphere is full of fear and aggression. Those drone strikes can exacerbate the political and social atmosphere. If the user of those drones is not careful. That can cause deaths. 

And it's a big risk that somebody dies in those operations. Those ultimate hybrid operations can involve assassinations and other violent escalations. Those kind of things causes the requirement. For Counter-Strike. That opens the road. To the full-scale military actions against the opponent. This kind of scenario is frightening. And if the opponent cannot respond with conventional warfare. That causes the use of nuclear weapons. 

Black holes never shrink.

“When two black holes collide and merge, they release gravitational waves. These waves can be detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detectors on Earth, allowing scientists to determine the mass and spin of the black holes. The clearest black hole merger signal yet, named GW250114, recorded by LIGO in January 2025, offers new insights into these mysterious cosmic giants. Credit: Maggie Chiang for Simons Foundation” (ScitechDaily, Hawking Was Right: New Data Confirms Black Holes Never Shrink)

A black hole loses its mass, not its size. 

Hawking was right. The merged black hole’s surface area is as large as the merged black hole's total surface area. That means back holes don’t shrink. So, black holes don’t shrink when they send gravitational waves. The reason for that is in the universe’s expansion. The quantum fields that press a black hole into its form turn weaker. So, if that model is true, the reason for gravitational waves is in the universe’s expansion. When quantum fields turn weaker, they allow a black hole to send gravitational waves. We can think of a black hole as an onion with multiple internal structures. 

Or, shells. And the most out of those shells is the event horizon. When the gravitational wave travels out from the black hole, it sends one of its shells outside the black hole. And then the inner shell takes that escaped shell’s position. So the black hole’s size will be the same, because the energy, or quantum field that presses the black hole in its form, turns weaker. This means black holes’ evaporation does not have an effect on the black hole’s size. When the quantum field around it turns weaker.

A black hole sends so much energy. It can keep its energy level relatively at the same level as it was when the black hole formed. But what does that mean? If the end of the universe is the so-called big rip or big freeze, that means that in the very end of the universe, black holes’ existence ends. They release information that they stored inside their event horizon. But if the end of the universe is the Big Crunch, that means that the black holes start to grow. The model goes like this. The expansion of the universe continues.

But because the universe turns colder, the energy level of visible and dark energy decreases. The universe also leaks. Energy and radiation will travel out from the universe faster than particles . This means that. Gravity starts to win. When the universe’s expansion ends, and it starts to fall, the energy level and density of its quantum fields start to rise. That effect starts to pack material. And energy to the black holes. This means the black holes can expand. Or their size will be the same.

But anyway. Black holes start to travel. To each other. And in the ultimate fate, all black holes that pulled all radiation into them fall into the same point. The reason why the large black hole exists longer than the small one is. Because its surface area is larger. The outside quantum fields can press that black hole from a larger area than a small black hole. The surface area of a large black hole is relatively smaller. Than small black holes. That means energy loss in large black holes is smaller than in small black holes. So, a small black hole is less energy efficient than a large black hole. This means that a large black hole can exist. In lower-density areas. Than the small ones. This model raises interesting questions. If the density of the quantum and plasma fields around the black hole turns higher. 

Does the black hole stop sending gravitational waves? This requires that quantum fields and particles fall into the black hole symmetrically. When a black hole sends its most out shell away, that pulls radiation longer. Or traveling shell wraps the quantum field shorter in front of the traveling shell. And then. The valley or traveling ditch. Travels behind that short wavelength structure. 

But if the material and energy density around a black hole suddenly rises, that thing can deny the escape of the outermost shell. This means that if a black hole suddenly impacts a nebula. Or energy density in the way. Those particles. And energy impacts symmetrically with it. So, if a black hole pulls a nebula or some quantum field around it in symmetrical form, that symmetrical energy load can push radiation back into the black hole. 

https://scitechdaily.com/hawking-was-right-new-data-confirms-black-holes-never-shrink/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-universe-will-end-in-a-big-crunch-physicists-warns/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

Quarks and gluons. Particles that form a proton and a neutron.

“Graphic showing the transverse motion of a quark (green sphere) inside a proton whose spin is aligned to its direction of motion (large yellow arrow). Credit: Image courtesy of Valerie Lentz/Brookhaven National Laboratory.” (ScitechDaily, How Do Quarks Really Move? New Theory Unlocks Decades-Old Physics Mystery)

Quarks are fermions. And gluons are bosons. That transports strong nuclear interaction. How do quarks really move? That thing can tell us about. The new things about the strong nuclear interaction. New models suggest that quarks have 3D movement tracks in a proton. And that causes an idea. The gluon, a boson that transmits the strong nuclear interaction, can simply spin between quarks. That spin forms a small “tornado” between quarks. 

That tornado is the bond. That keeps those quarks. Under one entirety. Because that particle spins, it binds energy to it. And then that particle forms the quantum low-pressure between quarks. When gluon spin slows, that turns the pulling effect of the strong nuclear interaction weaker. If that gluon turns around or its spin direction turns opposite. That causes the effect. The gluon will send an energy impulse. 

From it. In that moment, the quantum low pressure between quarks will be removed. And that pushes those particles away from each other. The quark’s 3D movement forms when some asymmetrical force impacts it. The knowledge of the quarks' behavior. increases the knowledge of the strong nuclear interaction. Because the spin speed of the gluon might not be stable. In the same way, the interaction between protons and electrons can change. And that causes an anomaly in the quark’s trajectory. 

When a quark that may also spin collects energy from around it and from the quantum tornado. Or string it sometimes sends its extra energy away from it as some kind of particle. If the quark spins. It’s possible that the quark and gluon that connect two quarks spin into opposite directions to the tornado that connects those quarks into one entirety. There is a possibility that if a very low-energy free gluon impacts a particle, it removes energy from the gluon that connects quarks under one entity. 

That slows the gluon speed. And maybe that thing can release the bond that keeps the quark in its position. Another devastating possibility can be that the extremely high-energy free gluons can send an energy impulse to the material around them. Those high-energy impulses can cause oscillation in gluons that keep protons and neutrons together. If that energy impulse suddenly stops, gluons between quarks send an energy impulse. And those impulses can fill those quantum low-pressure channels. That rips protons and neutrons into pieces. 

https://scitechdaily.com/how-do-quarks-really-move-new-theory-unlocks-decades-old-physics-mystery/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

 

The lack of competition can be dangerous. Even to national security.

The law of supply and demand plays a key role in capitalism. Capitalism guarantees competition. And competition guarantees quality. That’s how people justify capitalism. The main argument in those cases is that competition guarantees quality. But in some cases, we must ask. Is competition. Some kind of fata morgana? There is a possibility that a single person owns company clusters, and those clusters of companies look like. Technically separated, but acting under one command. It can form a monopoly that authorities cannot recognize. 

The problem with ultimate capitalism is that only people who have money can get an education. This happens. When the capitalistic ideology. Goes so far. That other than basic education is for a fee. This causes a situation. There are people who own companies starting to sit around the same tables. With people who should monitor those companies. This means higher education. Those educations are required. For the high-ranking governmental positions, as well as in the head of the multinational corporations. 

Accumulates in the same families. In the worst cases, legislative, executive, and financial and economic power accumulates in the hands of the same people. Politicians require financial support for their campaigns. They need marketing space and people who support them. So, if some financial leaders promise things like factories in the same political area, if some politicians are elected, that thing can guarantee votes. 

This means that people who have a lot of money and a lot of business. It can offer many things to people. When business life accumulates in the same hands. That means the competition can be lost. That can cause a similar effect to a socialist system. There was no competition. Made to products. Made in the Soviet Union. In capitalism. The same person can own multiple companies. There is a possibility that some production sectors can accumulate. In the hands of the same person. 

Those things called monopolies are often denied by governments. There are competition authorities whose mission is to deny monopolies. But it's possible to own multiple companies that are separate on paper. But nothing denies that the same person can own multiple, technically separated companies. Those ownerships can be done over a chain of companies. If these companies are listed in many countries. That can cover the monopoly. Another interesting thing is cases where makers of products. 

Only governments have access to buy make fusions. That means that. There will be a lack of competition. In that case. When the government buys some jet fighters. They need something where they can make a selection. In the worst case, there is only one offender. And in this case, there are no competitors. There are no dogfight simulation opponents. That should guarantee the quality of those products. There is a possibility that the same people who offer those products. 

These are the same people who accept those products. There is a possibility that people who own things. Like banks will own multiple companies through that bank. Another way. To make of this operation. It is simple. To establish an investment company. Those investment companies can buy stocks. And one version. It is to eliminate. A competitor is to buy the majority of the competitor’s stock. That means. The company can buy its competitor. Away from the market. This is one of the things. That has an effect on national security. Lack of competitors. Makes it hard to test systems. And there is a possibility. That some unqualified system passes the screen. If it will not be tested against its competitor. 

 

Can the universe's expansion really slow down?

"Evidence suggests the universe’s expansion has started to slow, not accelerate. The results imply dark energy is weakening and evolving faster than previously believed. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (Scitechdaily, Evidence suggests the universe’s expansion has started to slow, not accelerate. The results imply dark energy is weakening and evolving faster than previously believed. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Evidence suggests the universe’s expansion has started to slow, not accelerate. The results imply dark energy is weakening and evolving faster than previously believed. Credit: SciTechDaily.com)

The new evidence suggests that dark energy also becomes weaker. That is one of the reasons why researchers start to think that the universe’s expansion might be slowing. This means that Einstein was only partially right. Einstein’s model suggests that dark energy has a constant, or static, power. But if dark energy is released during the Big Bang, that means the universe’s expansion causes a situation where the same dark energy must fill a larger universe. And that thing means. That dark energy turns weaker. Like all other interactions. 

Turn weaker. So can gravity win, and cause the Big Crunch? Gravity also turns weaker. That means. The expansion of the universe. Makes dark energy advance. Because distances between objects increase. This is one way to predict the ultimate fate of the universe. But if we think. That Einstein was right and the dark energy is static and constant, which means the origin of the dark energy is outside the universe. If dark energy forms outside the universe, that means there should be some kind of wave movement. 

Dark energy means. Free energy that should rip the universe in pieces. There is a possibility that dark energy. It can also have some kind of interaction with dark matter. Dark matter means. A strange gravitational effect that is the second-dominating thing in the universe. Dark matter can have a particle form. Those hypothetical particles called weakly interacting massive particles WIMPs are suggested as the things that can form dark matter. In that model, dark energy forms. During dark matter particle interactions.

What is the role of cosmic voids in dark energy and dark matter? 

But maybe dark matter. Form in entropy in energy, or quantum fields. When the universe expands, its size grows. That forms more space between particles. And then. That space makes it possible. That there form whirls and bubbles in those fields. Those bubbles are like miniature cosmic voids. And if there is some void, that means the energy field starts to fall into it. The four fundamental interactions. Gravity, electromagnetism. And weak and strong nuclear interactions. Have particle and wave movement forms. The wavelength of those interactions determines which force the wave movement transports. So, every fundamental interaction has its own wavelength. It’s possible that there forms some kind of vacuum in some of those four interactions. 

That means. If there are no weak nuclear force fields. That destroys the atomic nucleus. So do the cosmic voids, like the Boötes void, have some kind of connection with dark energy? The question is: What causes dark energy to move?  Things like cosmic voids are areas where it seems to be no matter. There is a possibility that those voids form when the universe expands. If the expansion rips an energy field in the universe. That can form the cosmic void. 

But another reason for cosmic voids can be. Some extremely high-energy reaction. That forms a shockwave that creates the void. But there is also a possibility that the cosmic void forms in situations. Where some of the four fundamental interactions are missing in some areas. If the strong interaction, as an example, is missing, that thing rips protons and neutrons in pieces. So can the bubble that forms. As an example, in a strong nuclear force field. That destroys protons and neutrons. Or maybe. The relationship between the strong nuclear interaction. Pushing and pulling effects are disturbing. This can cause the material to rip into pieces. If there is a strong radiation effect, the wavelength is the same as the size of the quarks, which can also break protons and neutrons into pieces. 

https://scitechdaily.com/is-einsteins-cosmological-constant-wrong-new-data-suggests-dark-energy-is-evolving/

https://scitechdaily.com/is-the-universe-slowing-down-stunning-new-evidence-says-yes/

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-einstein-was-only-half-right-nasas-new-test-for-dark-energy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boötes_Void

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

The minitanks are coming back.

“Meet FireAnt: US firm unveils mini ‘tank-killer’ robot built to hunt heavy armor” (MSN)

Have you ever heard of TK and TKS tankettes? Those little reconnaissance vehicles used by the Polish army in 1939. They were helpless against the Panzer IV. The reason for that was the lack of lightweight and effective anti-tank weapons. The 30-40 mm gun with a hollow grenade (HEAT). Or a bazooka could make those systems a little bit more effective than they were. 

There are models. If those small vehicles can carry anti-tank weapons. Like heavy bazookas or modern anti-tank missiles, they could be more useful as support vehicles. In some models. Those TKS vehicles’ modern variants. Can operate as the unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) that can be wire- or AI-guided systems. 

Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) can make reconnaissance missions. Or they can shoot enemies. Those systems can also. Make kamikaze missions. Like other drones. Other drones or manned systems can also transport those UGV-drones to their operational area. And they can attack the main battle tanks, or if they are released to places like airbases, those systems can move. In places. Like aircraft bunkers. The kamikaze version can also carry anti-tank missiles. And they can be dangerous to any targets. There are also scenarios introduced that UGVs can look like. Even a limousine. 

“TK prototype nr. 6007 in its final form with roof hatches open. According to the TK-3 standard (it might be a rebuilt TK-2). Note a horizontal angle of MG fire and two side observation hatches, present in early series TK-3 only.” (Wikipedia,. TKS)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXexKLje4N4

“German demolition vehicles "Goliath" E-Motor” (Wikipedia, Goliath tracked mine)

“A Gladiator tactical unmanned ground vehicle” (Wikipedia, Unmanned ground vehicle)

Those systems can slip in places like drug cartel bosses' mansions. And then detonate themselves there. In some versions. Some presidents’ personal limousine. Or its copy is loaded with a neutron bomb. And then detonate in some airbases. These kinds of systems are always possible to make. The worst version of those robot systems can be trucks. That drive to the military base. And detonate themselves. There was once a suspicion that Ukrainians used a remotely controlled truck to detonate the bridge that connects the Crimean peninsula to Russia. 

The idea of ground-moving UGV is not new. The first versions of those systems were operated by the German military in 1944. Those ground-moving, remotely detonated mines called “Goliaths”  successfully operated in the Warsaw street fights during the Warsaw Uprising. The UGV is basically a car bomb that can operate in many areas. The flexibility of those systems makes them very dangerous. The large-sized UGV drone can release other drones from its cargo systems. So, when some guards stop that vehicle at the gates, drone swarms can be released. 

The human-shaped robots that mimic humans make those systems even harder to control. We all heard about the ultra-realistic baby dolls. That looks like real human babies. But there is a possibility of creating a human-shaped robot. That looks like Vladimir Putin. The robot can walk into the headquarters and then detonate itself. The robot can also sit in the limousine's backseat. When that remotely controlled system travels in the military base. Those things are real threats in modern times. 

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/meet-fireant-us-firm-unveils-mini-tank-killer-robot-built-to-hunt-heavy-armor/ar-AA1PQpqc

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goliath_tracked_mine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TKS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_ground_vehicle

The hidden side of light can transform electronics.

“Illustrative scenario of HHG at Terahertz frequencies, induced by the pumping of a 2.5 W power THz QCL on a Topological insulator SRR. Credit: Alessandra Di Gaspare et al.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Unlock a Hidden Side of Light That Could Transform Technology)

Optical data transmission is much safer. Than radiowave transmission. Ultra-secure laser data transmission has one little problem. Those laser rays don’t travel through the walls. It’s easy to jam the laser data transmitter simply by putting a wall between the transmitter and receiver. There is a possibility of using some other types of electromagnetic radiation to transmit data. One of those radiation types is terahertz radiation. 

What if you can break light into the terahertz (THz) area and then turn it back to light? This could make a new advance in electronics. It’s possible to make new and faster communication. By using light and THz radiation together. In the simplest binary systems, the THz radiation can mean zero, and the light can mean one. If those bits are numbered, the system can transmit data very fast. But the thing. That makes THz radiation a very interesting tool; it is a simple thing. THz radiation can travel through walls. That allows researchers to create a communication system that is. Hard to eavesdrop. If the system can transform the radiation wavelength. between Thz and light. This makes it easier to cover information. 

“A new global study uncovers surprising behavior in the universe’s most elusive particles, hinting at answers to why anything exists at all. Credit: Stock” (ScitechDaily, This Strange Particle May Hold Clues to the Universe’s Biggest Secrets)

The ability to transmit data through walls is one of the things. That limits the quantum network creation. One of those solutions can be a low-power X-ray laser. Those systems are dangerous to humans, but it's possible to aim for coherent X-ray radiation. Makes it possible to position those systems. To a level. Their radiation will not touch people. 

Another possibility to transmit data in qubits is neutrinos. A neutrino is a so-called ghost particle that can travel through walls and even through planets and stars.  Those particles can allow for the transmission of data as real qubits. In the perfect quantum networks, data that travels in the qubits is connected to particles. The system can work like this: the network stops the neutrino at the beginning of the nano-tube-based system. 

There, the system can transport data into that neutrino qubit. And then send it through the quantum network. In those systems, the lasers can aim the qubit in the right direction. The system uses laser LEDs like a pinball. Those systems push neutrinos into the right tracks. This system requires a lot of new technology. The ability to create neutrino qubits would be as fundamental a thing as the internet itself. The neutrinos’ features make them very hard to control.  But maybe. They can someday transport data over the quantum networks. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-unlock-a-hidden-side-of-light-that-could-transform-technology/

https://scitechdaily.com/this-strange-particle-may-hold-clues-to-the-universes-biggest-secrets/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit

Starcloud: research for orbital space data centers.

"Starcloud plans to build a 5-gigawatt orbital data center with super-large solar and cooling panels approximately 4 kilometers in width and length. (Image credit: Starcloud)"(Space.com, Powerful NVIDIA chip launching to orbit next month to pave way for space-based data centers)

Data satellites mean orbital platforms. That involves computers. And those satellites share their processor capacity with other computers. Those orbital computer centers will get their energy from solar panels. The data center can be based on a modular or cloud-based architecture. The fact is that a single computer module does not require large rockets. Those AI-driven systems can make it possible. For those systems that can automatically dock with each other. Or they can start to communicate. With each other using wireless technology. 

Orbital data centers are one possible answer. To the data centers’ energy problems. Those data centers are made using satellites. That docked into one entirety. Or. Another solution can be a network-based architecture, where the data-satellites communicate with each other, using laser or coherent radiowave-based communication. In those systems, data security requires systems that can communicate with methods. That allows for protecting data transmission from outsiders. Another problem for those systems is that they are targets for ground-based anti-satellite systems. 

The size of those systems will be far bigger than anything else. The size of those data centers will be enormous. The size of a 5 GW data center will be enormous. They will need 4 square kilometers of solar panels. 

The fact is that those data centers can also be used to control probes, other satellites, and for many other purposes. The data station can exchange data between ground stations. They can exchange data. Also with aircraft and other aerial and sea-based platforms. Airship-based platforms can use the air turbines for energy production.

There are also ideas introduced about the airship- or sea-based data centers. Those data centers can be dropped into the sea. And then that system can get energy from water flows. The system can have a tube that is vertically positioned. And then the water flow that travels through that tube rotates the turbine. Or the seawater can be used as a cooler for the miniature nuclear reactors. 

https://www.aerospacetestinginternational.com/features/19759.html

https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/starcloud/

https://parametric-architecture.com/starclouds-space-data-centers/?srsltid=AfmBOopv0ggVah1ozx-yzEXz3cS6hJMmWciaYxYiAiZ_V4_IW7WmF0Cn

https://www.space.com/technology/nvidia-gpu-heads-to-space-starcloud-1

https://www.starcloud.com/

The DNA molecule is a powerful tool for guiding chemical reactions.

“Ionic interactions involving DNA phosphates are ubiquitous and essential across all kingdoms of life. For the first time, their catalytic potential has been demonstrated in a variety of asymmetric transformations through ion-pairing interactions in water. Credit: National University of Singapore” (ScitechDaily, Chemists Discover Unexpected New Way to Use DNA)

The DNA has phosphate parts that can be used to control other molecules. That effect should deny the formation of the mirror molecules. It is an extremely important thing. In medical chemistry. May medical molecules have the right effect only if they enter the cell in the right way. If a molecule travels the wrong way through the ion pumps. 

That molecule will cause a dangerous effect. Medical molecules are very complicated. They must act precisely right. And this makes cis-trans isomerism very important. The mirror molecule can even destroy the unwanted cells. 

“In nature, DNA and proteins naturally attract one another because of their opposite charges. DNA’s phosphate groups carry negative charges, while many of the building blocks that make up proteins are positively charged” (ScitechDaily, Chemists Discover Unexpected New Way to Use DNA). 

As a result, there, the phosphate pushes molecules and ions with a negative charge and pulls anions into it. Making it possible to use that effect also in nanotechnology, where phosphate pushes and pulls ions and anions in the small-scale nanostructures. 

This thing can make it possible. To create more complicated nanosystems. And in those processes, DNA and its phosphate act as a magic stick. That can push and pull wanted molecules. These kinds of nanotweezers can push and pull molecules and atoms more sensitively than some lasers or acoustic beams can. 

https://scitechdaily.com/chemists-discover-unexpected-new-way-to-use-dna/

Can the mythical fifth force explain why dark matter is invisible?

"Researchers are testing whether dark matter obeys the same rules as visible matter or if a hidden force influences the unseen structure of the Universe. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Is Dark Matter Controlled by a Secret “Fifth Force”?)

There is a possibility. That's the dark matter strange form. That makes it invisible to our sensors is from the mythic fifth force. Today. The fifth force is a hypothetical interaction. The Muon g-2 anomaly in Fermilab and Brookhaven gave hope that this force could be true. Those anomalies were real. The thing. What caused those anomalies? It is a mystery. The anomaly is so weak. That it fits between the predicted values. So those results are contradictory. But it's possible that those results are a hint about the fifth force. 

It's also possible that dark matter is a source of dark energy. So, are dark energy and the fifth force the same thing? Nobody knows. 

The new measurements tell. There can be some other interactions between visible and dark matter. But those interactions are so weak. That they disappear under the glow of visible material. Mystic gamma-ray glow in the center of the Milky Way can form in cases when the supermassive black hole Sgr A* packs dark matter, or hypothetical dark matter particles, weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, in a small area. 

There, those particles can form. High-energy interaction. We can see that thing as the gamma-ray glow. That means dark matter can have similar interactions. As visible matter. But those particles are somehow different. That visible matter covers those dark matter interactions under it. It’s possible that WIMP is a very small high-energy particle. That we cannot detect. It’s possible that WIMP. And the graviton, the hypothetical gravitational transportation particle, is the same thing. But that is only one hypothesis. 

If dark matter doesn’t defy gravity, we must ask what makes that matter existent? That’s the gravity effect of that strange, unseen thing. There is a possibility. The dark matter is particles. Like some kind of quarks. Sometimes. It is theorized about. The possibility that dark matter particles, hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, are somehow similar to quarks.

But they have no ability. To form more complicated particle groups. Like hadrons. That means. There must be some kind of force that keeps those, still hypothetical particles, separated. The fact is that. If two similar particles have the same energy level. That forms a standing wave between them. And that pushes particles away from each other. 

There is a possibility that those particles send some kind of energy. which forms quantum-size electric arcs between them. That means WIMPs can explain the dark energy. So maybe dark energy form. When those hypothetical WIMP particles send energy when they impact each other. Or maybe the cases where WIMP turns into wave movement are the thing. That releases the energy that it stored. And maybe, we see that energy as dark energy. 

If the WIMP is a particle that is surrounded by a so-called standing wave that makes it is unable to reflect radiation. In some theories. That WIMP is a quantum-sized black hole. And energy slides into its spin axle. The WIMP condenses the energy fields and forms a thing that we can call dark energy. 

Above: The Fermilab results of the Muon g-2 anomaly in 2025. We can see that the results of the Muon magnetic field observations are minimally out of the range. That means Muon g-2 test results can be explained by the conditions of the test and measurement tools. But those anomalies still exist. 

But then we can ask what the fifth force is. Sometimes people say that the fifth force is the antigravity. There must be some kind of particle that transmits gravity waves. That hypothetical particle. Called graviton waits for its finder. Some theories claim that the graviton and WIMP are the same thing. And the thing that forms that particle is the quantum-sized black hole. The idea is that this particle can have a transition disk and a relativistic beam. like full-size black holes. 

Those things are so small that we cannot see them. There is the possibility that. Because those small black holes have a transition disk. That thing pushes them. Away from each other. There is a possibility that quantum gravity is not the same as full-size gravity. And in some models, dark energy is the antigravity, the energy that fills the gravity waves, or energy valleys between those waves. The fifth force could have its origin in the WIMPs that stored too much energy. 

"A mysterious gamma-ray light from the center of our galaxy may be the long-sought sign of dark matter. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, A Strange Glow in the Milky Way May Be Our First Glimpse of Dark Matter)

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The expansion of the universe means that if dark energy formed during the Big Bang, the expansion should make dark energy weaker. When the universe expands. And there is the same amount of dark energy. That means the dark energy should turn weaker, because it must fill a larger space. 

Another possibility is that the universe leaks. Dark energy is a wave movement that should travel at the speed of light. That means dark energy can travel out of the universe before particles. So if dark energy travels out from the universe, and there is no dark energy that comes from outside the universe. That means there is less dark energy left in the universe. 

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Maybe. One of the reasons for that is the expansion of the universe. But if we think that the universe’s expansion causes the dark energy to turn stronger. We face an interesting research. That research tells us that the universe’s expansion is slowing. That challenges the established theories that dark energy is stable. If dark energy formed in the Big Bang. That means it should advance. When the universe expands. 

The domination of the four known fundamental interactions changes. First, the strong nuclear force was dominating. Then the weak nuclear force. Electromagnetism. And then gravitation. Now dominating is a strange dark energy. When particle distances grow. There is more free energy between them. Dark energy is free energy that rips the universe. That’s the simple model. 

The complicated model is. Dark energy turns weaker. As well as. The other four interactions. In this mode. The universe leaks energy away from it. So, if dark energy travels out from the universe faster than it expands. Dark energy travels at the speed of light. And matter behind it travels slower. That means dark energy can exit the universe before any particle. That means dark energy should also turn weaker. 

The universe's expansion turns it larger. And if all dark energy is released from the Big Bang, that means the expansion of the universe should turn dark energy weaker, because there is a static amount of dark energy to fill a larger universe. So, even if dark energy does not escape from the universe before matter, that means dark energy turns weaker anyway. 

https://news.fnal.gov/2025/06/muon-g-2-most-precise-measurement-of-muon-magnetic-anomaly/

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-dark-defy-gravity.html

https://scitechdaily.com/a-strange-glow-in-the-milky-way-may-be-our-first-glimpse-of-dark-matter/

https://scitechdaily.com/is-dark-matter-controlled-by-a-secret-fifth-force/

https://scitechdaily.com/what-if-einstein-was-only-half-right-nasas-new-test-for-dark-energy/

https://scitechdaily.com/the-universe-will-end-in-a-big-crunch-physicists-warns/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_force

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_g-2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_particle

Robots are terrifying weapons.

Drones are new systems, but the counter-systems are already under development. 

The Chinese military has done. Extensive work with robotics. And the cooperation of human soldiers and autonomous systems. Chinese new robot wolves are impressive systems. They can cooperate with other manned and unmanned systems. And those robots can carry lightweight machine guns and grenade launchers. And they can also do things like suicide attacks. If robot dogs have suckers at their feet, those systems can climb over the glass windows on a straight wall. 

Those robot dogs can have points, where the quadcopter touches them and carries those robots. Or they might have propellers in those robots' feet. And that thing can make them more flexible than ever before. The modular systems, where separated quadcopters carry robot dogs, are easier to make. And when we look at the strength of those robots. In drill. 

They crashed the Taiwanese military in 10 seconds. The battle was a simulation. But that causes serious discussions. About the effectiveness of the Western military. We must realize that robots and drones are new systems. There are already developed microwave, radio-based EMP, and laser systems that can jam or destroy robots from the battlefield. We know that the tanks of the future are equipped with high-power EMP cannons that can use radio and/or microwaves to destroy incoming drone swarms. 

“GDLS partnered with Epirus for the TRX Leonidas. The solution takes Eprius’ Leonidas high-power microwave (HPM) platform and mounts it on GDLS’ Tracked Robot 10-ton (TRX) unmanned ground vehicle. (Photo courtesy of Epirus.)” (Breakingdefense.com, GDLS to roll out drone-killer robot, tank-launched switchblades, more at AUSA)

The Chinese military has done. Extensive work with robotics. And the cooperation of human soldiers and autonomous systems. Chinese new robot wolves are impressive systems. They can cooperate with other manned and unmanned systems. And those robots can carry lightweight machine guns and grenade launchers. And they can also do things like suicide attacks. If robot dogs have suckers at their feet, those systems can climb over the glass windows on a straight wall. 

Those robot dogs can have points, where the quadcopter touches them and carries those robots. Or they might have propellers in those robots' feet. And that thing can make them more flexible than ever before. The modular systems, where separated quadcopters carry robot dogs, are easier to make. And when we look at the strength of those robots. In drill. 

They crashed the Taiwanese military in 10 seconds. The battle was a simulation. But that causes serious discussions. About the effectiveness of the Western military. We must realize that robots and drones are new systems. There are already developed microwave, radio-based EMP, and laser systems that can jam or destroy robots from the battlefield. We know that the tanks of the future are equipped with high-power EMP cannons that can use radio and/or microwaves to destroy incoming drone swarms. 

The EMP systems that can defend entire cities are easy to make. Only high-power radio or microwave impulses are needed to destroy entire drone swarms. And those weapons can be installed on aircraft, other drones, and mobile systems. The high-power radar can use high-power radio or microwave impulses. They destroy entire drone swarms. The difference between jammers and EMP is this. The EMP destroys electronics. Jammer just denies communication. 

Drones and other unmanned systems are advancing. Computer technology advances. Faster than ever before. The high-power computing. Makes single drones more intelligent and more independent. Those new drones don’t require networks. So, low-power jammers are ineffective. Against those drones, as well as. They are ineffective against optical wire control drones. That’s why the power of those EM-weapons must increase. 

And that means the EMP systems must be created to drop the drones. The reason for that is that the microwave systems can affect multiple drones. At the same time. The microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (MASER) or “microwave laser” makes it possible to create. Coherent, highly precise microwaves that can destroy single drones. 

https://breakingdefense.com/2025/10/gdls-to-roll-out-drone-killer-robot-tank-launched-switchblades-more-at-ausa/

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/china-tests-robot-wolves-drones

https://interestingengineering.com/military/chinas-new-wolf-robots-breach

The new membrane that can turn droplets into electricity can turn the “perpetual motion machine” into reality.

“ Researchers have developed a floating generator that harvests electricity from raindrops using water itself as a structural and electrical component. (Artist’s concept). Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Develop Floating Device That Harvests Energy From Raindrops)

At the beginning of this text, I must say that the Archimedean perpetual motion machine is not a real perpetual motion machine. The system basis is that. The capillary effect pulls water to the upper tank, and then the system allows it to flow over the generator wheel. And then that water will flow to the lower pool. That system is based on the lower pressure that pulls water to the upper level. And that’s why it's not the real perpetual motion machine that recycles all energy into it. 

The membrane that forms electricity from droplets can make the “Archimedean perpetual motion machine” real.  In the original version, the system uses the capillary effect to pull water to the upper tank. And then that water will be put to flow into the lower tank through the Archimedes’ Screw. That kind of system should rotate the mill wheel. And it's possible. That this kind of system could someday. Rotate some kind of generator. In the original version, this system should rotate the millstone. But the friction denied its working. 

“The conventional droplet electricity generator (C-DEG) uses a metal bottom electrode and a rigid substrate, and is generally employed on land. In contrast, the new water-integrated floating droplet electricity generator (W-DEG) uses water as the bottom electrode and substrate to enable land-free applications and promote scalability. Credit: Science China Press” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Develop Floating Device That Harvests Energy From Raindrops)

Above. A typical  “perpetual motion machine” was created by using Archimedes’ screw. The problem with the system was the friction. But maybe today. Things like bearings could also make this kind of system possible. The system is based on the difference between pressure levels. It is possible if it gets enough energy from the water flow. It can replace the energy that it uses for work. The creators. must rise to a fall height of water. Or they must increase the water flow in Archimedes’ screw. Or they must change the work. Their machine must do. Grinding grains is the work. That causes lots of friction. 

Modern technology can change that problem. New nanomaterial makes it possible. To create membranes that can change droplets into electricity. The system can be based either on chemistry or on large groups of small propellers or millwheels that allow the droplets to rotate them. 

This kind of invention can turn energy production more effective. When we think about cases, there are droplets of rain that form energy. We can think that these kinds of systems can form something that we can call “perpetual motion machine”. 

The closed cycle system. The membrane that creates energy from droplets in the closed tank can offer a new type of  energy source. The sun will vaporize water, and the vapor condenses on the roof of the tank. Then those droplets drop onto that membrane. And that system can create energy in the desert. Another version could be a system that pulls water to the roof using lower pressure. Then that water would be dropped on the membrane. Those kinds of things. It can have interesting uses. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-develop-floating-device-that-harvests-energy-from-raindrops/

When an AI project turns into a disaster

"Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity."

Willem Occam, English philosopher, 14th century. 

Remember Occam’s razor during AI projects. 

"Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity." Entities can be any work that we do. We should not do the same thing twice. Without necessity. Everything that is made without necessity is useless. 

Popularly, the principle is sometimes paraphrased as "of two competing theories, the simpler explanation of an entity is to be preferred. In AI projects, that principle can take on a form. "Of two competing models, the simpler model of an entity, or work, is to be preferred."

Keep the orders that you give to AI. As simple, clear. And minimal. As you can. The orders that you give should involve only things that are necessary for work. Orders should be given using proper language.  So, grammar must be followed in that order. And don’t write the text. Just give orders to the AI. About what it should do. And leave the work to it. Don’t introduce complete work to AI if you want to use it as a helper. 

Remember Occam’s razor. Give only necessary information to the AI. Don’t turn orders unnecessarily complicated. And don’t fill orders using information that doesn’t belong to the mission. When AI writes business letters, don’t tell how the sun shines. Just give orders that involve only the information that the AI requires for that mission. When orders are long, there is a possibility. There are more mistakes than in short texts. 

And then. Beginning is always. The most difficult part of the project. 

Sometimes, or almost always, the AI project turns into a disaster. Then we start to find out what went wrong.  The answer can be that the AI is misunderstood. People had very high expectations about the AI, and when the AI didn’t meet everything that people expected, that was considered a failure. The biggest mistake about AI is to treat it as a real expert. In that case, people can give AI orders. To write some reports or texts. Then they simply. Copy-paste that text to an Email. Without even reading it before. We should treat the AI as a secretary. And if we use AI to make some reports. We should read that text before we send it forward. 

The second thing is this: we should train the AI. When we first take the AI into use. Or start the AI project. We must train the AI. We cannot use AI as a production tool without training that system. Even the simplest AI algorithms, like grammar checkers, require training. That they make things as we want. Training the AI means. People use AI in their everyday work. The AI requires access to data so that it can learn things. Without that access. The AI program, or project, will fail. So, if an AI program faced failure, one of the reasons for that could be that people simply didn’t use it. If people don’t use AI, the AI doesn’t learn things. 

And that causes failure. So, when we start our AI project, we must ensure. That people use it. And especially. At the beginning of the project. AI doesn’t have enough data. It can create things automatically . About its users. And in the beginning. The untrained AI can make multiple errors. We must realize that AI is not ready when we create usernames and passwords for those systems. Those systems need training. That they work correctly. They learn only when we use them. Same way. Workers don’t learn things if they don’t do everyday jobs. If we don’t allow them to get access to the necessary data. They don’t learn anything in their work. 

The AI requires clear orders to accomplish its duty. If orders are not clear. Or they are not properly written. That can cause misunderstanding. Training the AI requires time. And as all workers AI requires access to information, so that it can learn how to cooperate with humans. And at the beginning of the project. Work can be done faster and probably easier. Using the old-fashioned products. Same way. When computers came to offices. Qualified typists. It could make their work faster than computer users. But then. The computers beat the workers who used paper. 

Automatic grammar error detectors helped the work of people who were not so qualified typists. But when the nets came to the offices. Computer users can share their documents all over the network. They could make error correlation on the screen, and that didn’t require physical papers. Same way. As hackers can attack networks, people can steal physical paper. If a company uses millions of papers each year. Physical papers cause very big bills. 

The problem is: how to motivate people to use AI. Why should people use AI if it takes their jobs? That is one of the things. That people should think about. What would you do with an AI project if you knew that the successful AI project would cause you to be fired? The problem with working life is that. We should be over-effective. We must work all the time. We have no time to take breaks. The attitude that the AI offers the possibility. To fire half of the workers is dangerous. 

So, when people start their AI project, they should follow two golden rules. One is that workplace AI is for work use. The second one is this: follow Occam’s razor. If every part. Of the use of the AI. Keep orders that the AI gets as simple as possible. The AI requires clear and precise orders. Occam’s razor is the idea that Willem Occam introduced in the 14th century. That golden rule is to remove everything unnecessary from the AI and the orders that it gets. The use of AI should also be connected to the work. If the AI gets information that doesn’t belong to work. That can cause a mess. The AI doesn’t think as we do. It doesn’t separate the information. That is connected to working life. From the information that the AI requires for love letters. If AI is trained. By using the wrong type of information. The result is catastrophic. 

The AI project mean. The new tool is coming to the workplace. People need preparation. And they must understand that AI is a tool. The AI makes things that people order it to make. People need instructions for that project. They need to know what kind of orders they can give. And they must know what types of writing the AI requires. AI requires clear and direct orders. Those orders must involve only the necessary information. We should follow the orders. The philosopher Willem Occam wrote in the 14th century. People should not unnecessarily complicate things. Things should be introduced as simply as possible. That principle is called Occam’s razor. 

People should remove everything unnecessary. From the orders that they give to the AI. That means when we, users, want to use the AI. To write a letter to customers. We should give direct orders for writing text to the customer. We should not tell the AI. About things. Like how nice the weather is. The AI requires only orders about things. That should be in the customer service letter. Everything that doesn’t belong to those letters should be removed. And that causes one thing about the AI. Should the company limit the AI that they brought only to work use? The problem is that AI uses all data.  It gets. For learning. And if people write things like love letters using those AIs. That can cause misunderstandings. People should remove everything else. Than the things. They need to work. From the workplace’s AI solutions. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam%27s_razor

The JWST detects building blocks of life from the Large Magellanic Cloud.

“Using JWST, researchers detected several complex carbon-based molecules in the ice around ST6, a developing star in the Large Magellanic Cloud.© NASA/ESA/CSA/JPL-Caltech/M. Sewiło et al. (2025)”

The JWST telescope found building blocks of life from another galaxy. That is one of the least surprising findings in the history of astronomy. This finding proved that chemical reactions are the same. In other galaxies. As they are in the Milky Way. The JWST telescope proved that our galaxy is one of billions of galaxies. Can we find life in other galaxies? This requires far more powerful systems than the JWST has. 

Life in other galaxies is possible, but it's hard to see. And even if we send a signal to another galaxy, and then that intelligent lifeform in the Andromeda Galaxy receives that signal. The signal spent about 2,5 million years in space. And that requires. That this hypothetical civilization is on a side of the Milky Way. If that civilization answers their signal.

Spends about 2,5 million years before it reaches the Milky Way. If we want to compare that time with Earth, the humans had not even existed when the light that we see left the Andromeda Galaxy. When the photon that we see from telescopes left. Homo Habilis was the most advanced pre-human. If we want to be realists. That hypothetical civilization requires the black hole energy level to create the signal that we could see. If we see that kind of signal, that means that civilization created radio 2,5 million years ago. 

But then. Black to those building blocks of life. And to hypothetical intergalactic travelers. 

The building blocks of life don’t mean that there is life. The civilizations in the other galaxies are interesting things. They might not have any effect on us. The distances in the universe are enormous. Theoretically. Is possible. That some lifeform can create a spacecraft. That stops time in them. Those spacecraft can travel extremely long distances. 

But their ability to stop time inside them. Bases in the spinning structure. The Tipler’s time machine. Or Tipler’s cylinder can transport an astronaut between galaxies. The problem is that this cylinder doesn’t remove cosmic speed limits. The time stops in a rapidly spinning cylinder. An outsider observer sees that the travel between two galaxies takes 2,5 million years. That means that. Only a civilization that wants to make that kind of trip could be a civilization. 

Whose home star detonated as a nova or supernova. If civilization. Sends the Tipler Cylinder on a journey. That would be a one-way trip. The crew will not meet their senders again. And if they return, evolution transformed their species. 

That locks energy into those particles that are inside them. If the space travelers make that kind of spacecraft, it’s possible. That they cannot ever come out of that craft. When the universe expands. The energy level in it decreases. That raises the difference between energy states inside and outside the spacecraft. And when a space traveller jumps out from that spacecraft, energy travels from that space traveller's body. 

When energy travels to the environment. That increases the level of free energy. And that means the space traveler who traveled across the universe in 2,5 million years could simply detonate if that astronaut jumps out from the spacecraft. 

https://www.msn.com/en-gb/entertainment/news/for-the-first-time-james-webb-telescope-detects-5-building-blocks-of-life-in-ice-outside-the-milky-way/ar-AA1PnR4W?ocid=BingNewsSerp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipler_cylinder

Dark matter may act like a superfluid.

Concept image of dark matter superfluid. (Interesting Engineering, Dark matter may flow like cosmic superfluid, forming vortex lines inside galaxies: Study)

Dark matter can flow like a superfluid. And this is one of the new ideas, about that matter and its existence. Dark matter refers to a mysterious gravitational effect that is present in many, but not all, galaxies. Dark matter is some kind of matter, but the problem is what its real shape is. Researchers think that dark matter particles, called weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs, form dark matter. Because dark matter seems to be missing in some galaxies, that means dark matter should form structures like nebulae, just like visible matter. So, dark matter spread in the universe is not homogeneous. The gravitational interactions between dark and visible matter mean that the dark matter could form black holes. 

That means dark matter should have some kind of particle form. But nobody knows what that particle really is. It’s possible that dark matter is some kind of quasiparticle nebula, like the so-called stable exciton. Another version is that dark matter particles can spin in a way. Which makes quantum fields. To slide past it. That means the particle itself cannot give reflection. There are multiple models that this matter could be. In some theories, the fast-spinning superstrings. Extremely thin energy fields can roll quantum fields in that structure. If the ends of those energy fields are in a lower energy state, that causes a situation where the superstring transports energy from its ends. 

A render of the Cherenkov Telescope Array. (Interesting Engineering, Mysterious glow from Milky Way’s center could prove dark matter exists)

Could WIMP be some very small, high-energy particle that can tunnel through other particles? The idea is this: WIMP could be a very small particle. That collects energy in the middle of it. Then that energy travels out from the WIMP. From its spin axis. If the WIMP turns its spin axis to another particle, that energy flow acts like a drill. That thing could make the WIMP tunnel through other particles. 

That means we cannot see that superstring from the middle of it, if it can transport all energy into its ends. The only known interaction between dark matter and visible matter is gravity. There is a possibility that dark matter has some other interactions. But those interactions are so weak. Things like electromagnetism cover them below it. In those models, WIMPs are so small particles. That they cause interaction. In the smallest subatomic particles. Those interactions vanish. Under the electromagnetic radiation. There is also a possibility that the WIMP is some kind of boson. 

The WIMP could be a high-energy particle. Or it can act like some neutrino. In that model is possible that the WIMP can tunnel through other particles. In some models, the WIMP is a particle. That's hovering in some kind of quantum field. The quantum field can be. A standing wave around the particle. In that case. It is possible. The particle can turn its spin axis to the object, which can be another particle. If WIMP is a very small, fast-spinning particle. It can conduct energy into the middle of it. And then transmit that energy out from its spin axis. That energy that travels out from the particle acts like a drill. 

That causes a situation where the particle transmits extra energy. The mystery gamma-ray glow can mean that the dark matter density is higher near the supermassive  black holes like Sgr* A. Black hole packs dark matter around it and that makes WIMPs interacting more often than usually. That can cause the mysterious gamma-ray glow near the center of the galaxy. 

And this thing can cause an effect. The dark matter particle just tunnels itself. Through the much larger particle. This means that the dark matter particle, still a hypothetical WIMP, can act. Like some kind of “mini neutrino”. If the dark matter is some kind of static quasiparticle, that opens new visions to things like quantum technology. In some models, the superposition and quantum entanglement are formed in the exciton. An exciton is the case where an electron jumps out from its position. And orbits its holes. Or it allows researchers to accomplish the quantum models. 

https://interestingengineering.com/space/dark-matter-behaves-like-superfluid

https://interestingengineering.com/space/milky-ways-glow-linked-to-dark-matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

The new era of the air force is here.

Above: YQF-44

The main problem is to find. The most effective mix of manned and unmanned systems. 

The YQF-44 is the new type of drone. That system uses AI-based air combat capability. These kinds of systems can operate independently or with manned systems. Basically. An automated bombing system is very easy. To make. The system can use a radio beam. And the drone flies in it. Another radio beam. That crosses the path rays. Launches bombs at the right point. More advanced AI-controlled systems. It can use a Terrain Contour Matching (TERCOM) technology to determine its location. And then that system can determine its location using terrain photos. When the image. Its camera sends. Matches with an image. When that is stored in computer memory, the system can launch bombs. 

Above: X-62A with chase plane. Lockheed Martin (Internet)

The QF-16 is basically an aerial target. The Shield Corporation, along with Lockheed-Martin (General Dynamix), transformed that thing into a system.  That can go. Into air combat duties. The official name of the F-16 robot is the X-62A “Vista”. 

The more advanced algorithms allow the drone to operate in any mission that a human pilot can. It's possible to assemble the AI into any aircraft on Earth. That can make it possible. To use old jet fighters. Like robot versions of the F/A-18 (QF-18) and A-10 “Thunderbolt” (QA-10) as attacking decoys. The old jet fighters. Serve as air combat practice. Target missions. There are various old jet fighters operating in that role. The newest planes are F-16 robot versions, QF-16. Maybe. Also, the old A-10 and F/A-18. Are serving in that role. There is a possibility of installing the AI into those old aircraft. 

That can attack enemy targets using weapons and kamikaze tactics to make those missions. Those systems can fly. With other systems, they can force the enemy to shoot. And uncover their locations. And those systems can also operate as patrol systems. That can attack enemies. Theoretically. It is quite easy to transform the target drone into an attack aircraft. That uses AI-operated technology. To recognize their targets and attack them. 

X-BAT is a drone. That rewrites rules on the battlefield.

Shield AI is promising a fully autonomous fighter jet with its X-BAT. Shield AI

© Shield AI

-Shield AI unveiled what it called a fully autonomous multirole fighter jet.

-It uses Hivemind, the AI pilot it previously used to pilot an F-16 through a dogfight.

-The company says the jet can take off without a runway, from container ships and remote islands.

(MSN.com)

X-BAT is an autonomous, large-sized drone. That unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV)- or killer drone is also independent of runways. That drone uses. Vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) technology.  The fully autonomous drone. That doesn’t require runways is the new tool that the military requires. The drone itself is developed by Shield Corporation. This created a robot version of the F-16 jet fighter. That AI-controlled jet fighter. Achieved success in air-combat simulations.  And that made Shield Corporation. Continue its work to create autonomous combat systems. The AI-controlled attack aircraft can make risky missions. 

And another thing is that. The new, effective AI-controlled systems. Allow the robot fighter to engage in air combat against human pilots and other drones. The difference between manned and unmanned aircraft. Is this. Unmanned aircraft can also. Make kamikaze attacks. If it sees a target. That value equals the loss of the aircraft. The unmanned combat aircraft can also carry nuclear weapons internally. And their air-combat capacity makes those next-generation missiles more powerful than they were before. 

The cruise missile. Those that can shoot down other aircraft can also be equipped with direct energy weapons. Like lasers and EMP weapons. Those kinds of weapons don’t need very large systems, and they can guarantee that future nuclear cruise missiles can reach their targets. Or they can escort manned and unmanned systems. It’s not sure. Does the USAF or the NAVY choose X-BAT? But that technology is also useful in other UCAV systems. 

https://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/qf-16-full-scale-aerial-target/

https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/products/x-62a-vista.html

https://www.msn.com/en-us/technology/artificial-intelligence/a-new-autonomous-fighter-jet-just-broke-cover-it-s-powered-by-the-same-ai-brain-that-flew-an-f-16-through-a-dogfight/ar-AA1OXx15?ocid=BingNewsSerp

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/10/combat-drones-new-ai-challenges-aviation-norms-operating-without-pilot-or-runway-redefining-future-military-tactics/

https://www.slashgear.com/1680874/ai-piloted-f16-against-human-dogfight/

https://www.twz.com/air/our-first-look-at-yfq-44a-fighter-drone-prototype

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anduril_YFQ-44

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TERCOM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Dynamics_X-62_VISTA